[ANSWERED] In 250-300 words explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.
In 250-300 words explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory Based on the required topic study materials, write a reflection about worldview and respond to following: In 250-300 words explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care. In 250-300 words, explain what scientism is and describe two of the main arguments against it. In 750-1,000 words, answer each of the worldview questions according to your own personal perspective and worldview: (a) What is ultimate reality? (b) What is the nature of the universe? (c) What is a human being? (d) What is knowledge? (e) What is your basis of ethics? (f) What is the purpose of your existence? Remember to support your reflection with the topic study materials. While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. Rubric Criteria Total100 points Criterion 1. Unsatisfactory 2. Less Than Satisfactory 3. Satisfactory 4. Good 5. Excellent Scientism and Arguments Scientism and Arguments 0 points Explanation of scientism or the explanations of two main arguments against scientism are inaccurate. Details are not supported. 19.5 points Description of scientism is accurate. Explanations of two main arguments against scientism are unclear. Details are not clearly supported by topic study materials. 22.5 points Explanation of scientism is clear. Explanations of two main arguments against scientism are clear. Details are supported by topic study materials. 25.5 points Explanation of scientism is clear and accurate. Explanations of two main arguments against scientism are clear. Details are clearly supported by topic study materials. 30 points Explanation of scientism is clear and accurate. Explanations of two main arguments against scientism are clear and insightful. Details are clearly supported by topic study materials. Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) 0 points Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used. 3.25 points Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied. 3.75 points Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed. 4.25 points Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech. 5 points Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Christian Perspective of Spirituality and Ethics in Contrast to Postmodern Relativism Christian Perspective of Spirituality and Ethics in Contrast to Postmodern Relativism 0 points Explanation of the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism is incomplete or insufficient. 19.5 points Explanation of the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism is unclear. Explanation is not supported by topic study materials. 22.5 points Explanation of the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism is clear. Explanation is not supported by topic study materials. 25.5 points Explanation of the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism is clear and detailed. Explanation is supported by topic study materials. 30 points Explanation of the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism is clear, detailed, and demonstrates a deep understanding of the subject. Explanation is supported by topic study materials. Documentation of Sources Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) 0 points Sources are not documented. 3.25 points Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. 3.75 points Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. 4.25 points Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. 5 points Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. Personal Perspective and Worldview Personal Perspective and Worldview 0 points Worldview questions are not fully answered. 19.5 points Each of the worldview questions is answered but is lacking a personal connection or clarity. 22.5 points Each of the worldview questions is answered with personal connection. 25.5 points Each of the worldview questions is answered clearly and with personal connection. 30 points Each of the worldview questions is answered clearly and with deep personal insight. Expert Answer and Explanation Personal Worldview Inventory The claim that God exists may make sense to some individuals and not to others, and the divergence in the individuals’ views about God’s existence seems to stem from the exposure of these individuals to different values and thoughts. A Christian, for example, believes in the existence of God because of their exposure to the biblical doctrines and teachings. Conversely, an atheist’s position on this topic may stem from the exposure of the atheist to the teachings which contradict religious arguments in support of the claim. Religion and spirituality shape how people see the world around them, and they affect people’s perceptions about care (Newlin et al., 2015). This means that one’s worldview may differ from another person’s, and it is imperative to explore the worldview based on the Christian faith, and highlight the meaning of scientism, and debate against it. Meanings of Spirituality Although the spirituality, to an individual, may denote the belief in a higher being, and adopting practices in which one
[ANSWERED] A 70-year-old woman is in your office complaining of recently having trouble maintaining her balance after taking diazepam (valium). She occasionally takes diazepam when she feels
A 70-year-old woman is in your office complaining of recently having trouble maintaining Week 1: Discussion Question 1 Discussion Prompt Post your answers to the 6 questions corresponding to this week’s content on primary care medication management. Provide your responses and rationales. Support your rationales with high-level evidence. (See Post Expectations) A 70-year-old woman is in your office complaining of recently having trouble maintaining her balance after taking diazepam (valium). She occasionally takes diazepam when she feels anxious and has trouble sleeping. She has a 15-year history of taking diazepam. Q1. Explain the cause of this patient’s difficulty in maintaining her balance? Q2. Diazepam experiences a significant first-pass effect. What is the first-pass effect, and how can first-pass metabolism be circumvented? A 75-year-old woman develops symptoms of a cold and buys an over-the-counter cold medication at the grocery store. The medication contains diphenhydramine, acetaminophen, and phenylephrine. She takes the recommended adult dose but soon after taking the medication, she becomes very confused and disoriented. Q3. What is likely causing the signs of confusion? A 26-year-old woman who has never been pregnant is seeking preconception care as she is planning to pursue pregnancy in a couple of months. Currently, she has no symptoms to report and on review of body systems, there were no concerns. Her past medical history is significant for a history of rheumatic fever as a child. She subsequently underwent valve replacement with a mechanical heart valve. She is followed by a cardiologist who has already evaluated her cardiac function and she has received clearance from her cardiologist to pursue pregnancy. Records from her cardiologist include a recent cardiac echocardiography report that reveals a normal ejection fraction indicating normal cardiac function. She has no alterations in her daily activities related to her heart. She has no other significant medical or surgical history. She is a non-smoker, drinks occasionally but has stopped as she is attempting to conceive, and does not use any non-prescription drugs. Current Medications: Her current medications include only prenatal vitamins, which she has begun in anticipation of pregnancy, and warfarin. She has no known drug allergies. Vital Signs: On examination, her pulse is 80 beats per minute, blood pressure is 115/70 mm Hg, respiratory rate is 18 breaths per minute, and she is afebrile. Measurements: Weight = 152 pounds, Height = 5′5 ″, BMI= 25.29 Q4. How is warfarin metabolized? Does warfarin cross the placental barrier? Q5. Explain the hepatic drug metabolism of children 1 year and older. How do they compare with the hepatic drug metabolism of infants and adults? Q6. Explain protein binding in the neonate. Expert Answer and Explanation: Week 1: Discussion Question 1 Question 1 The patient’s difficulty maintaining her balance is due to the side effects of diazepam. Diazepam is a central nervous system depressant that can lead to dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination (Ho et al., 2023). With a 15-year history of taking diazepam, her body may have developed tolerance, requiring higher doses, which can exacerbate these side effects. Additionally, she may be more susceptible to the drug’s sedative effects due to her age (Ho et al., 2023). It is essential to evaluate her medication regimen and consider alternative treatments for her anxiety and sleep issues to improve her balance and overall well-being. Question 2 The first-pass effect is when the liver metabolizes a significant portion of an orally administered drug before it enters the systemic circulation (Guo & Singh, 2019). This metabolization can reduce the bioavailability of the drug. Circumventing first-pass metabolism requires alternative administration routes, including intravenous injection, sublingual, or transdermal delivery, bypassing the liver and allowing for a more direct entry into the bloodstream to increase the drug’s effectiveness. Question 3 The woman’s signs of confusion are due to diphenhydramine in the cold medication. This element has a sedative effect and is known to cause drowsiness and confusion, especially in older adults (McKeirnan et al., 2020). Hence, although she uses the correct dosage, her advanced age increases the risk of side effects. Question 4 Warfarin metabolism occurs primarily in the liver through the action of the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. It is a racemic mixture of R and S enantiomers, with the S-enantiomer being more potent and metabolized by CYP2C9 (Cheng et al., 2022). Warfarin does cross the placental barrier. Therefore, its use during pregnancy increases the risk of fetal exposure, potentially leading to birth defects, especially if used during the first trimester (Cheng et al., 2022). Given the woman’s desire to conceive, it is crucial to consider alternative anticoagulation therapies. Question 5 Hepatic drug metabolism in children aged one year and older is similar to that of adults compared to infants. Infants lack fully developed hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, making drug metabolism less efficient (Van Groen et al., 2021). As children grow and develop, the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver, particularly the cytochrome P450 system, mature and approach adult levels (Van Groen et al., 2021). This maturation leads to a more efficient and effective metabolism of drugs in children aged one or older. However, the specific maturation rate can vary for different enzymes and drugs. Therefore, dosing adjustments and considerations based on age and weight are still necessary to ensure safe and effective drug therapy in pediatric patients. Question 6 Protein binding in the neonate refers to how drugs and other substances in their bloodstream attach to proteins, primarily albumin, affecting their distribution and effectiveness. Neonates have lower albumin levels, making them more susceptible to drug interactions and potential toxicity (Leroux et al., 2019). This reduced protein binding capacity can lead to higher concentrations of free, unbound drugs in their system, increasing the need for careful dosing and monitoring in newborns. References Cheng, S., Flora, D. R., Rettie, A. E., Brundage, R. C., & Tracy, T. S. (2022). Pharmacokinetic modeling of warfarin І–model-based analysis of warfarin enantiomers with a target mediated drug disposition model reveals CYP2C9 genotype-dependent drug-drug interactions of s-warfarin. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 50(9), 1287–1301. https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.122.000876 Guo, Y. G., & Singh, A. P. (2019). Emerging strategies for
[ANSWERED 2023] NURS 6051S Week 5 Discussion Big Data Risks and Rewards
NURS 6051S Week 5 Discussion Big Data Risks and Rewards NURS 6051S Week 5 Discussion Big Data Risks and Rewards When you wake in the morning, you may reach for your cell phone to reply to a few text or email messages that you missed overnight. On your drive to work, you may stop to refuel your car. Upon your arrival, you might swipe a key card at the door to gain entrance to the facility. And before finally reaching your workstation, you may stop by the cafeteria to purchase a coffee. From the moment you wake, you are in fact a data-generation machine. Each use of your phone, every transaction you make using a debit or credit card, even your entrance to your place of work, creates data. It begs the question: How much data do you generate each day? Many studies have been conducted on this, and the numbers are staggering: Estimates suggest that nearly 1 million bytes of data are generated every second for every person on earth. As the volume of data increases, information professionals have looked for ways to use big data—large, complex sets of data that require specialized approaches to use effectively. Big data has the potential for significant rewards—and significant risks—to healthcare. In this Discussion, you will consider these risks and rewards. To Prepare: Review the Resources and reflect on the web article Big Data Means Big Potential, Challenges for Nurse Execs. Reflect on your own experience with complex health information access and management and consider potential challenges and risks you may have experienced or observed. By Day 3 of Week 5 Post a description of at least one potential benefit of using big data as part of a clinical system and explain why. Then, describe at least one potential challenge or risk of using big data as part of a clinical system and explain why. Propose at least one strategy you have experienced, observed, or researched that may effectively mitigate the challenges or risks of using big data you described. Be specific and provide examples. Required Readings McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2022). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. Chapter 22, “Data Mining as a Research Tool” (pp. 537-558) Chapter 24, “Bioinformatics, Biomedical Informatics, and Computational Biology” (pp. 581-588) Glassman, K. S. (2017). Using data in nursing practice Links to an external site.. American Nurse Today, 12(11), 45–47. Retrieved from https://www.americannursetoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ant11-Data-1030.pdf Thew, J. (2016, April 19). Big data means big potential, challenges for nurse execs Links to an external site.. Retrieved from https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/nursing/big-data-means-big-potential-challenges-nurse-execs Wang, Y., Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations Links to an external site.. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126(1), 3–13. Expert Answer and Explanation Big Data Risks and Rewards Benefit of using Big Data in a Clinical System Big data refers to massive data sets that are often analyzed using advanced computational techniques to give information about human behaviors, trends, and patterns. In healthcare, big data helps in adopting increased speed of data processing, where individuals can gather relevant insights that aid in patient care. A primary benefit of using big data in a clinical system is that care providers can constantly and efficiently monitor vital signs of patients (Groves et al., 2016). Healthcare givers often try to improve the health of chronic disease patients by monitoring the vitals such as temperature and blood pressure. When a patient’s health condition is constantly changing, it becomes impossible for the healthcare provider to monitor this patient because of the large volume of data generated (Groves et al., 2016). Using big data helps in computing the vitals and relate them with the progress of the patient. Challenge of Using Big Data as Part of a Clinical System One of the biggest challenges that face big data in its implementation in a clinical system is the inability to capture all the data. In a recent study, an ophthalmology clinic found that only 23.5% of the patient data reported is captured by electronic health records (EHR), which are part of big data (Dyer et al., 2019). That is, a patient would report to have around three eye problems, but the EHR would only agree to one and report it. This is a primary challenge because it means that big data cannot participate in efficient diagnosis of patient conditions. Also, since big data is used in making and monitoring prescriptions, it is possible that the technology systems could fail to have efficient ways of capturing patient symptoms and the reaction of patients to medications (Heires, 2016). This problem is not always noticed because most of the healthcare givers using big data only focus on the small percentage of the reported data, and are oblivious of the fact that there could be other information that big data missed. Strategy to mitigate the stated Challenge of Using Big Data in a Clinical System One of the strategies to mitigate the challenge of capturing information in a clinical system using big data is prioritizing data types. While big data entails a situation where computers adopt human functions, it is evident that it is humans who program them to capture and record the data in specific ways (McCue & McCoy, 2017). That is, despite the fact that it is a powerful technology tool to manage data, there are human brains behind its design. The problem of big data can be solved when these programmers ensure that they prioritize the types of data that are open for documentation, and hence reduce the probabilities of the system missing out some of the patient information. Also, clinical documentation and improvement programs that help clinicians to ensure full capturing of the data by the systems is crucial (Heires, 2016). Such kind of education could be geared to helping the healthcare givers to have the skills to perform constant improvement and impart in them the skills to modify the system in the formats that help in relaying much of the patient information.
[ANSWERED 2023] In this Assignment you will assess, diagnose, and devise a treatment plan for a patient in a case study who is presenting with a mood disorder.
In this Assignment you will assess, diagnose, and devise a treatment plan for a patient in Assignment assessing diagnosing and treating adults with mood disorders In this Assignment you will assess, diagnose, and devise a treatment plan for a patient in a case study who is presenting with a mood disorder. To Prepare Review this week’s Learning Resources. Consider the insights they provide about assessing, diagnosing, and treating mood disorders. Review the Focused SOAP Note template, which you will use to complete this Assignment. There is also a Focused SOAP Note Exemplar provided as a guide for Assignment expectations. Review the video, Case Study: Petunia Park. You will use this case as the basis of this Assignment. In this video, a Walden faculty member is assessing a mock patient. The patient will be represented onscreen as an avatar. Consider what history would be necessary to collect from this patient. Consider what interview questions you would need to ask this patient. Consider patient diagnostics missing from the video: Provider Review outside of interview:Temp 98.2 Pulse 90 Respiration 18 B/P 138/88Laboratory Data Available: Urine drug and alcohol screen negative. CBC within normal ranges, CMP within normal ranges. Lipid panel within normal ranges. Prolactin Level 8; TSH 6.3 (H) The Assignment Develop a Focused SOAP Note, including your differential diagnosis and critical-thinking process to formulate a primary diagnosis. Incorporate the following into your responses in the template: Subjective: What details did the patient provide regarding their chief complaint and symptomatology to derive your differential diagnosis? What is the duration and severity of their symptoms? How are their symptoms impacting their functioning in life? Objective: What observations did you make during the psychiatric assessment? Assessment: Discuss the patient’s mental status examination results. What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses with supporting evidence, listed in order from highest to lowest priority. Compare the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for each differential diagnosis and explain what DSM-5 criteria rules out the differential diagnosis to find an accurate diagnosis. Explain the critical-thinking process that led you to the primary diagnosis you selected. Include pertinent positives and pertinent negatives for the specific patient case. Plan: What is your plan for psychotherapy? What is your plan for treatment and management, including alternative therapies? Include pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments, alternative therapies, and follow-up parameters as well as a rationale for this treatment and management plan. Also incorporate one health promotion activity and one patient education strategy. Reflection notes: What would you do differently with this client if you could conduct the session again? Discuss what your next intervention would be if you were able to follow up with this patient? Also include in your reflection a discussion related to legal/ethical considerations (demonstrate critical thinking beyond confidentiality and consent for treatment!), health promotion, and disease prevention that takes into consideration patient factors (such as age, ethnic group, etc.), PMH, and other risk factors (e.g., socioeconomic, cultural background, etc.). Learning Resources Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 8, “Mood Disorders” Zakhari, R. (2020). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer. Chapter 11, “Mood Disorders” CrashCourse. (2014, September 8). Depressive and bipolar disorders: Crash course psychology #30 [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/ZwMlHkWKDwM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwMlHkWKDwM&t=1s Walden University. (2021). Case study: Petunia Park. Walden University Blackboard. https://class.waldenu.edu MEDICATION LIST: Premenstrual Depression dysphoric disorder (MDD with Seasonal Variation) Seasonal affective disorder agomelatine amitriptylineamoxapinearipiprazole(adjunct)brexpiprazole (adjunct)bupropioncitalopramclomipraminecyamemazinedesipraminedesvenlafaxinedothiepindoxepinduloxetineescitalopramfluoxetinefluvoxamineiloperidoneimipramineisocarboxazidketaminelithium (adjunct)l-methylfolate (adjunct) Bupropion HCL extended-release Bipolar depressionBipolar disorder (mixed Mania/DepressionBipolar maintenance Mania lithium (used with lurasidone)lurasidoneolanzapine-fluoxetine combination (symbyax)quetiapinevalproate (divalproex) (used with lurasidone) aripiprazoleasenapinecarbamazepine olanzapineziprasidone aripiprazolelamotriginelithiumolanzapine aripiprazoleasenapinecarbamazepinelithiumolanzapinequetiapinerisperidonevalproate (divalproex)ziprasidone Expert Answer and Explanation Bipolar II Disorder Evaluation Subjective: CC: ” I have a history of taking medications and then stopping them. I don’t think I need them. I really feel like the medication squashes who I am.” HPI: Patient PP is a 25-year-old female patient who has come for a mental health assessment. The patient reports having problems with medication adherence, indicating her lack of need for the medication, stating that it “squashes” who she is. The patient also reports having been hospitalized as a teenager for going four to five days without sleep and hearing things during the period. Since then, she has been hospitalized four times, with the current hospitalization being the past spring. She notes that she has previously been diagnosed with bipolar, anxiety, and depression. She also notes that she tried to use some medications like Zoloft, Seroquel, and another one which she only recalls the name to start with the letter “L”. The patient explains that her prescribed medications seem to present some side effects. The patient also notes that she has once had some suicidal tendencies before. She also reports engaging in sexual intercourse with multiple partners since it elevates her moods. She also reports missing work due to feeling too depressed. Substance Current Use and History: The patient reports smoking at least a packet of cigarettes a day, which she doesn’t intend to stop. She also reports having stopped using alcohol at 19 years. The patient also reports having a bad history of marijuana use which made her stop. She denies using cocaine, stimulant, inhalants, hallucinogens, and sedative medications. She also denies using any pain pills or opiate medications. Family Psychiatric/Substance Use History: The patient reports having a family background with psychiatric and substance use issues. She indicates that her mother was bipolar with suicidal tendencies. She reports that her father was imprisoned for 8 to 10 years due to drug-related problems, and she considers her brother to also have mental issues though not hospitalized. Psychosocial History: The patient was raised by her mother and her older brother. She currently lives with her boyfriend and at times her mother who is infuriated by her sexual habits. Her father is imprisoned and has not heard from him for some time. She has never been married before or had any children. She is currently working in her aunt’s stores albeit irregularly due to her occasional depressed moods. She is currently studying cosmetology and loves to paint and write. Medical History: The patient has Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothyroidism. Current Medications: the patient is currently under birth control pills for PCOS and an unnamed medication for hypothyroidism. She is also currently using some medication for her mental illness which she only remembers the first letter being “L.” She notes to have previously used
[ANSWERED 2023] Write a briefing note 500-750 words directed to the person that might be your manager of risk management outlining how your organization may or may not be meeting
Write a briefing note 500-750 words directed to the person that might be your manager of Briefing Note The Joint Commission (TJC) guidelines emphasize that hospitals must educate their staff regarding the identification and appropriate management of the forensic patient. Assessments on patients must be conducted within the context of the requirements of the law regarding the collection and preservation of evidentiary materials and support future legal actions. Review the current Pre-publication Standards on The Joint Commission website, found in the module learning resources. Write a briefing note (500-750 words) directed to the person that might be your manager of risk management outlining how your organization may or may not be meeting The Joint Commission Standards as it relates to the forensic patient. Outline the prepublication standard of your choice with a brief description of the highlights of how your organization has addressed this standard and how it applies to a patient with a forensic need. Critically analyze the following criteria: 1. Are there any gaps in the policies/procedures or guidelines in meeting this standard? Identify the gaps and indicate what steps should be taken to address them. 2. If there are appropriate policies/procedures or guidelines in place on paper, are they being followed in practice. 3. What changes in practice could better meet the pre-publication standard and improve care for the potential forensic patient population? Provide any recommendations to accomplish this goal. **Note: Remember this is a briefing note, not an essay. Be clear and succinct in your communications. Assignment Expectations: Length: 500-750 words Structure: Include a title and reference page in APA format. References: Use the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. Include at least three (3) scholarly resources to support your claims. Format: Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document (.doc or .docx). Filename: Name your saved file according to your first initial, last name, and the module number (for example, “RHall Module1.pptx”) Expert Answer and Explanation To: Risk Manager Re: Complying with the Joint Commission Standards for Caring for Forensic Patients I hope this note finds you well. I am writing to provide a brief overview of our organization explaining how it has addressed the Joint Commission’s Pre-Publication Standards as they relate to providing care to forensic patients (Bell, 2019). The standard this note will focus on is standard the standard that healthcare organizations should provide education to their staff to identify victims of violence, abuse, and neglect, and be able to gather and protect physical evidence linked to a potential or known criminal act. In other words, the standard requires healthcare organizations to educate their staff on identifying patients who are victims of criminal acts and how to collect physical evidence from the victims and store them for law enforcement agencies. Our hospital has developed several policies and regulations related to forensic patient care. One of the policies of the organization is that only educated and trained personnel are allowed to care for forensic patients (Hogan & Olver, 2019). Staff at the emergency care are required to call a forensic physician and nurse to care for the patient and collect forensic evidence. The organization has created a forensic department to ensure that forensic patients are treated and cared for by trained staff. The department has two forensic physicians and four forensic nurses. Another policy the organization has put in place is regular education to healthcare staff to ensure that they are up-to-date with care practices for patients who have experienced criminal acts. The organization provides all healthcare staff with forensic patient identification and management. The education program often focuses on many aspects of forensic patient care. One of the areas the education focuses training healthcare staff on documentation of all aspects of care offered to patients who are victims of criminal acts and the need to ensure that all collected evidence is properly preserved and stored (Papapietro, 2019). Forensic patients often need evidence collected by healthcare professionals during treatment for use in court. If the collection and preservation of evidence are inappropriately done, then the patient can lose the evidence they need to seek justice for the crimes against them. Another aspect of the education program provided by the organization is local, state, and federal laws on how to care for forensic patients and evidence collected during the care process. The federal, state, and local criminal justice systems such as the state attorney often have policies on the information to look for when collecting evidence on forensic patients (Papapietro, 2019). The organization provides education on how to comply with the policies. The organization also has a policy regarding providing education to new patients about caring for forensic patients. However, I still believe that the organization should do more to improve staff education regarding caring for forensic patients. I recommend that the education program include simulations to provide practical ways of educating the healthcare staff. In conclusion, our healthcare facility has developed and implemented policies and regulations directing how our healthcare staff can be educated on how to handle forensic patients and ensure that the evidence collected is properly preserved and handed over to relevant authorities. The education program also informed the staff about federal, state, and local authorities’ policies regarding caring for forensic patients. Yours faithfully, Habert Johnson References Bell, S. (2019). Forensic science: An introduction to scientific and investigative techniques. (5th ed.). CRC Press. ISBN:9781138048126. Read chapters 1 & 2 Hogan, N. R., & Olver, M. E. (2019). Static and dynamic assessment of violence risk among discharged forensic patients. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 46(7), 923-938. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854819846526 Papapietro, D. J. (2019). Involving forensic patients in treatment planning increases cooperation and may reduce violence risk. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-19693-005 Place your order now on a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Other Answered Questions: [ANSWERED] Patient is a 24-year-old female administrative assistant who comes to the emergency department with a chief complaint of severe right-sided headache [ANSWERED] As a counsellor operating from a Jungian perspective [ANSWERED] Compare and contrast the various ways you can access information delivering professional continuing
[ANSWERED 2023] After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles
After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Evidence-Based Project, Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies Is there a difference between “common practice” and “best practice” When you first went to work for your current organization, experienced colleagues may have shared with you details about processes and procedures. Perhaps you even attended an orientation session to brief you on these matters. As a “rookie,” you likely kept the nature of your questions to those with answers that would best help you perform your new role. Over time and with experience, perhaps you recognized aspects of these processes and procedures that you wanted to question further. This is the realm of clinical inquiry. Clinical inquiry is the practice of asking questions about clinical practice. To continuously improve patient care, all nurses should consistently use clinical inquiry to question why they are doing something the way they are doing it. Do they know why it is done this way, or is it just because we have always done it this way? Is it a common practice or a best practice? In this Assignment, you will identify clinical areas of interest and inquiry and practice searching for research in support of maintaining or changing these practices. You will also analyze this research to compare research methodologies employed. To Prepare: Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry. Keep in mind that the clinical issue you identify for your research will stay the same for the entire course. Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles. Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research. Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected. Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following: The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format. A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest. A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article. A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific. A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected. RUBRIC Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each article. Your analysis should include the following: *The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format *A brief statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest. *A brief description of the aims of the research of each article *A brief description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed methods approach. 81 (81%) – 90 (90%) The response accurately and clearly provides a full citation of each article in APA format. The responses accurately and thoroughly explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including a detailed explanation of the ethics of research.The responses accurately and clearly describe the aims of the research. The responses accurately and clearly describe the research methodology used, and clearly identify the type of methodology used with specific and relevant examples. The responses accurately and clearly describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including a detailed explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected. 72 (72%) – 80 (80%) The response accurately provides a full citation of each article in APA format. The responses accurately explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including a detailed explanation of the ethics of research.The responses accurately describe the aims of the research. The responses accurately describe the research methodology used, and clearly identify the type of methodology used with specific and relevant examples. The responses accurately describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including a detailed explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected. 63 (63%) – 71 (71%) The response provides incomplete or inaccurate citations of each peer-reviewed article in APA format. The responses inaccurately or vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including the explanation of the ethics.The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the aims of the research of each article. The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the research methodology used and the type of methodology used, with only some examples. The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected. 0 (0%) – 62 (62%) The response inaccurately and vaguely provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format or is missing. The responses inaccurately & vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue, including the explanation of ethics of research, or they are missing.The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the aims of the research, or they are missing. The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the research methodology used, the type of methodology used with no examples present, or they are missing. The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the strengths of each of the methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of the methodology, or they are missing. Resource Synthesis 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) The responses provide a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources related to the selection of articles and two or three course-specific resources in addition to the four articles reviewed in the matrix. 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) The responses provide an accurate synthesis of at least one
[ANSWERED] Complete the Digital Experience. The estimated average time to complete this assignment is 1 hour and 30 minutes. Please note, this is an average time. Some students may need longer
Complete the Digital Experience. The estimated average time to complete this assignment Shadow Health Focused Abdominal Assessment With Esther This clinical experience is a focused exam. Students have one opportunity to complete this assignment and score at the Proficiency level. Upon completion, submit the lab pass to the instructor in the classroom. Students successfully scoring within the Proficiency level in the Digital Clinical Experience will earn a grade of 100 points. Students who do not pass the performance-based assessment and scoring within the Proficiency level will receive a failing grade (68 points). Please review the assignment in the Health Assessment Student Handbook in Shadow Health prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Expert Answer Place your order now for a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Use Coupon: NEW30 to Get 30% OFF Your First Order FAQs Understanding Hyperactive Bowel Sounds: What You Need to Know When it comes to our bodies, certain signs and sounds can indicate underlying health issues. One such phenomenon is hyperactive bowel sounds. These sounds might be concerning if you’re not familiar with them, but they’re actually a natural part of our digestive system. In this article, we will dive into the world of hyperactive bowel sounds, discussing what they are, what causes them, when to be concerned, and how they relate to our overall well-being. What Are Bowel Sounds? Bowel sounds, often referred to as stomach rumbling or gurgling, are the noises produced by the movement of food, liquids, and gas through the digestive tract. These sounds are a natural part of digestion and can be observed in everyone. They’re produced as muscles contract and relax to propel the contents of the intestines forward. Normal vs. Hyperactive Bowel Sounds Normal bowel sounds are relatively quiet and occur sporadically throughout the day. Hyperactive bowel sounds, on the other hand, are noticeably louder, more frequent, and might even be accompanied by abdominal discomfort or pain. It’s important to note that the perception of bowel sounds can vary from person to person, and what might be considered normal for one individual could be hyperactive for another. Causes of Hyperactive Bowel Sounds Several factors can contribute to the development of hyperactive bowel sounds. One common cause is an increase in the movement of the intestines, which can be triggered by various factors such as certain foods, stress, infections, and gastrointestinal disorders. The Gut-Brain Connection Believe it or not, there’s a strong connection between our gut and our brain. The gut-brain axis plays a significant role in regulating bowel movements and sounds. Stress and emotions can impact this connection, leading to increased bowel activity and potentially resulting in hyperactive bowel sounds. When to Consult a Doctor While hyperactive bowel sounds are often harmless, there are situations where medical attention is warranted. If you experience severe abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel habits, or blood in your stool along with hyperactive sounds, it’s important to consult a doctor to rule out any underlying conditions. Diagnosing Hyperactive Bowel Sounds Diagnosing the exact cause of hyperactive bowel sounds can be a bit challenging. Medical professionals will often take a comprehensive medical history, perform physical examinations, and may recommend tests such as imaging studies or blood tests to rule out any underlying issues. Treatment Options: Treating hyperactive bowel sounds involves addressing the underlying cause. Here are a few approaches that can be considered: Lifestyle Modifications Making positive changes in your lifestyle can have a significant impact on reducing hyperactive bowel sounds. Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques can help regulate bowel activity. 2. Dietary Adjustments Certain foods can trigger increased bowel activity. Experimenting with your diet and identifying trigger foods can help you manage hyperactive sounds. Fiber-rich foods, probiotics, and staying hydrated are generally good practices. 3. Managing Stress Since stress can exacerbate bowel symptoms, finding effective ways to manage stress is crucial. Techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can be beneficial. Impact on Daily Life Hyperactive bowel sounds can be bothersome, especially in social or work settings. It’s important to remember that these sounds are a natural bodily function and that everyone experiences them to some extent. Practicing self-acceptance and educating others can help reduce any embarrassment or anxiety. Conclusion Hyperactive bowel sounds might sound alarming, but they’re usually a sign of a functioning digestive system. By understanding the causes, effects, and management strategies, you can confidently navigate through any concerns related to hyperactive bowel sounds. FAQs About Hyperactive Bowel Sounds What exactly are hyperactive bowel sounds? Hyperactive bowel sounds are louder and more frequent stomach noises caused by increased bowel activity. Are hyperactive bowel sounds painful? They can be accompanied by abdominal discomfort or pain in some cases. Can stress really affect bowel sounds? Yes, stress can impact the gut-brain axis and lead to hyperactive bowel sounds. Is it okay to self-diagnose based on bowel sounds? It’s always best to consult a medical professional for proper diagnosis and advice. How can I differentiate between normal and hyperactive bowel sounds? Hyperactive bowel sounds are notably louder and more persistent than normal sounds, often accompanied by discomfort. Tips for Managing Bowel Sound Discomfort Are you often faced with the uncomfortable sensation of bowel sound discomfort? The gurgling, rumbling, and sometimes embarrassing noises that emanate from your stomach and intestines can be quite distressing. But fear not! In this article, we’ll dive into effective tips and strategies for managing bowel sound discomfort, providing you with relief from digestive discomfort and bloating. So let’s explore some practical solutions to help you enjoy a more peaceful and comfortable digestive experience. Introduction Bowel sound discomfort, often accompanied by audible noises, can be bothersome and even embarrassing. However, it’s essential to recognize that these sounds are a natural part of the digestive process. In this article, we’ll provide you with valuable insights and practical tips for managing these sounds and
[ANSWERED 2023] Develop in detail a situation in which a health care worker might be confronted with
Develop in detail a situation in which a health care worker might be confronted with Develop in detail a situation in which a health care worker might be confronted with ethical problems related to patients and prescription drug use OR patients in a state of poverty. Each scenario must be original to you and this assignment. It cannot be from the discussion boards in this class or any other previous forum. Articulate (and then assess) the ethical solutions that can found using “care” (care-based ethics) and “rights” ethics to those problems. Assessment must ask if the solutions are flawed, practicable, persuasive, etc. What health care technology is involved in the situation? What moral guidelines for using that kind of healthcare technology should be used there? Explore such guidelines also using utilitarianism, Kantian deontology, ethical egoism, or social contract ethics. Say how social technologies such as blogs, crowdfunding, online encyclopedias can be used in either case. What moral guidelines for using that kind of healthcare technology should be used there? Develop such guidelines also using utilitarianism, Kantian deontology, ethical egoism, or social contract ethics. You should not be using any text you used in a discussion board or assignment for this class or any previous class. Cite the textbook and incorporate outside sources, including citations. Writing Requirements (APA format) Length: 3-4 pages (not including title page or references page) 1-inch margins Double spaced 12-point Times New Roman font Title page References page (minimum of 2 scholarly sources) Expert Answer and Explanation Ethical Problems in Healthcare Issues of ethics are common in healthcare settings, mostly confronted by healthcare providers in care delivery. These challenges make healthcare delivery a challenge, especially when a nurse is caught between meeting the needs of the patient and the needs of the healthcare organization (Peter, 2018). In this paper, I will develop a situation in which a healthcare worker is confronted with a problem that is ethical in the course of healthcare delivery, articulate and assess the ethical solutions that can be established, identify the healthcare technology that is involved in the situation and the moral guidelines for using such technology, and establish how social technologies like blogs, online encyclopedias, and crowdfunding can get used in either case and the healthcare technology that can get used in such case. Scenario The situation in which a healthcare worker got confronted with an ethical problem that I identified is an emergency whereby the healthcare provider discovers that the patent needs an urgent organ transplant, but he does not have medical insurance. In this situation, the patient in critical care is a low-income earner and cannot pay for the necessary medical procedures. The hospital rules in this situation are that such procedures for treatment cannot be carried out on patients that do not have medical insurance or a way to guarantee that they can afford the payment required for such procedure. In this case, the healthcare worker is caught in a dilemma between saving the life of the patient or following the guidelines provided by the hospital concerning the provision of certain care procedures to patients with medical insurance only. The healthcare worker is caught between fulfilling their duty to their patients, which is to provide care to the best of their ability and the organization’s rules. Articulation and Assessment of Ethical solutions Ethics of care in healthcare entail actions that show the patient that you care about their well-being. In the situation discussed above, an ethical solution based on care-based ethics would be to be emotionally supportive of the patient and help them find a solution to their problem (Moriggi et al., 2020). For instance, the caregiver can share the information about his condition with their family and support them in working towards finding a solution to the problem by providing suggestions to the family on the options they can use like well-wishers or organizations that offer healthcare services to individuals that do not have medical insurance. Another way to show care would be to give hope to the patient to be optimistic about their situation, which would aid their healing process. Rights-based ethics provide that a particular action would be considered to be ethically correct if it respects the rights of individuals (Lasalvia et al., 2019). In the situation above, the care provider will have to identify a solution that respects the rights of the patient. In this case, the patient has a right to access to care and a universal right to life. As such, the care provider has to protect his right to care to the best of their ability by ensuring that they get the best attainable standard of health. In this situation, the ethical solution would be to treat the patient and ensure that they get basic treatment while trying to find a solution to their financial challenges, as the principles of nursing practice require that the patient’s rights are protected at all costs, as it is also the duty of the care provider to the patient. It may be challenging to conduct the organ transplant without the approval of the other healthcare providers in charge of the organization because the healthcare provider will have to obtain consent from the organization to perform such procedures. However, when it is a matter of life and death, the healthcare provider is under an obligation to protect the life of the patient. Technology The healthcare technology that will be involved in the situation discussed above, which entails a patient that needs a liver transplant for survival, will be the electronic health records which will be used in keeping a record of all the procedures of treatment that the patient gets provided by the healthcare provider (Curtis et al., 2018). It also keeps the health history and the records of the medications that have been administered to the patient while receiving care. The moral guidelines that should be applied in the use of this technology include nonmaleficence in which the healthcare worker is required to remain competitive in using this technology and provide the best possible care. Another guideline is fidelity in which the healthcare worker is required to keep their commitment to the health of
[ANSWERED 2023] In this Assignment you will practice this type of leadership by advocating for a healthcare program. Equally as important, you will advocate for a collaborative role of the nurse in the design and implementation of this program
In this Assignment you will practice this type of leadership by advocating for a healthcare Much like honeyguide birds and honey badgers, nurses and health professionals from other specialty areas can—and should—collaborate to design effective programs. Nurses bring specialties to the table that make them natural partners to professionals with different specialties. When nurses take the requisite leadership in becoming involved throughout the healthcare system, these partnerships can better design and deliver highly effective programs that meet objectives. In this Assignment you will practice this type of leadership by advocating for a healthcare program. Equally as important, you will advocate for a collaborative role of the nurse in the design and implementation of this program. To do this, assume you are preparing to be interviewed by a professional organization/publication regarding your thoughts on the role of the nurse in the design and implementation of new healthcare programs. To Prepare: Review the Resources and reflect on your thinking regarding the role of the nurse in the design and implementation of new healthcare programs. Select a healthcare program within your practice and consider the design and implementation of this program. Reflect on advocacy efforts and the role of the nurse in relation to healthcare program design and implementation. The Assignment: (2–3 pages) In a 2- to 3-page paper create an interview transcript of your responses to the following interview questions: Tell us about a healthcare program, within your practice. What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program? Who is your target population? What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples? What is your role as an advocate for your target population for this healthcare program? Do you have input into design decisions? How else do you impact design? What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation? How does this role vary between design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples? Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe are most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why? Expert Answer and Explanation Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation About the Healthcare Program The program entails the reduction of waiting times in an emergency nursing unit through the implementation of different processes and technologies. For nearly a decade, there has been regular complaints by patients who visit the ED about too much waiting times (Milstead & Short, 2019). Some of them always regret the choice of the facility, and swear that they will never go back there after they felt better. Target Population The main population affected by the program are the nurses in the ED departments. In the program, different software will be used by the triage nurse to assess the need for immediate treatment of the patient and this will help in the creation of more order in the department. Also, nurses will be using the program to reduce the time taken on one patient and hence reduce the situations that always occur of insufficient staffing. Role of the Nurse in Providing Input for the Design of the Program One of the primary roles of the nurse in providing input for the program design will be the guidance on some of the information that should be fed into the system. While computer systems and programs are always efficient tools in implementing support, the form in which they appear is determined by the input of the software during the formation (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, 2020). Nurses will help in deducing the most crucial information, such as the vitals, that is necessary in evaluating the state of a patient immediately they present to the facility. My Role as an Advocate to my Target Population As an advocate, I will be sure to champion the interest of the nurses in the program. According to the American Nurses Association, ANA (2020), advocacy is one of the basic pillars of nursing, and it helps in efficiently determining the position of nurses in different care operations. For example, in the program, the nurse would perform advocacy role by preventing situations that would otherwise bring about nurse burnout. For this reason, as an advocate, I would have a lot of input in the design decisions of the program. The Role of the Nurse in Healthcare Program Implementation During implementation, the nurse would be one of the quality personnel in the program, as they would have the information about how best the program should be like. Just like in design, nurses use their expertise in determining the suitability of various process changes in the programs. For example, the nurse would be useful in the correction of a problem that arose when implementing the program in a setting that changed after the launch happened. Members of a Healthcare Team who are most needed in Program Implementation The project managers, who are mostly the organizational or departmental managers, are the members of the healthcare team who are most needed in program implementation. The role of these members is mainly monitoring the progress of the project, and ensuring that the project resources are managed efficiently (Ritchie et al., 2016; Smith et al., 2018). Specifically, they check whether or not every stakeholder is playing their role in project implementation, and act appropriately in doing the necessary corrections. References American Nurses Association, ANA, (2020). Advocacy. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/advocacy/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, (2020). Step by Step – Evaluating Violence and Injury Prevention Policies. Brief 4: Evaluating Policy Implementation https://www.cdc.gov/injury/pdfs/policy/Brief%204-a.pdf Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th Ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Ritchie, C., Andersen, R., Eng, J., Garrigues, S. K., Intinarelli, G., Kao, H., & Tunick, E. (2016). Implementation of an interdisciplinary, team-based complex care support health care model at an academic medical center: impact on health care utilization and quality of life. PloS one, 11(2), e0148096. Smith, C. D., Balatbat, C.,
[ANSWERED 2023] Search the GCU Library and find three different health care articles that use quantitative research. Do not use articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook Do not use articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook
Search the GCU Library and find three different health care articles that use quantitative Search the GCU Library and find three different health care articles that use quantitative research. Do not use articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook. Complete an article analysis for each using the “Article Analysis 1” template. Refer to the “Patient Preference and Satisfaction in Hospital-at-Home and Usual Hospital Care for COPD Exacerbations: Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial,” in conjunction with the “Article Analysis Example 1,” for an example of an article analysis. Expert Answer and Explanation Article Analysis-Quantitative Research in Healthcare Article Citation and Permalink (APA format) Solvik, E., & Struksnes, S. (2018). Training Nursing Skills: A Quantitative Study of Nursing Students’ Experiences before and after Clinical Practice. Nursing Research and Practice, 2018, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8984028 Wong, H., Karaca, Z., & Gibson, T. B. (2018). A Quantitative Observational Study of Physician Influence on Hospital Costs. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 55, 004695801880090. https://doi.org/10.1177/0046958018800906 Point Description Description Broad Topic Area/Title Training Nursing Skills: A Quantitative Study of Nursing Students’ Experiences before and after Clinical Practice A Quantitative Observational Study of Physician Influence on Hospital Costs Identify Independent and Dependent Variables and Type of Data for the Variables Independent variable: Training nursing skills Dependent variable: Nursing students experience before and after clinical practice Independent variable: Hospital costs Dependent variable: Physician influence on hospital costs The population of Interest for the Study The population of the study involved nursing students in their first year of bachelor’s program. The population entailed both female and male students. The Health Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) 2008 State Inpatient Databases(SID) for Arizona and Florida. The target population in these states was physicians. Sample For the sampling, 160 students participated. They were divided into two classes whereby class 1 (N=79) was identified as the control group, and class 2 (N=81)was the project group. Samples were collected from various hospitals in 2 states with over 15,237 physicians. These were Arizona and Florida, where the research and 2.5 million hospital visits. Sampling Method The implemented sampling method was the use of questionnaires to be filled out by each student before submission. These questionnaires were answered in six-month intervals, one after the training session and the second after the clinical practice. The questionnaires were also coded with numbers such that the numbers represented a specific student and the class affiliation. The hierarchy model or framework was applied to collect and analyze the samples on the number of variations attributed to physicians’ characteristics on the hospitalization cost. The sampling method was designed to control physician characteristics, patient demographics, clinical risks, hospital attributes, and socioeconomic traits. Descriptive Statistics (Mean, Median, Mode; Standard Deviation) Identify examples of descriptive statistics in the article. A total of 160 nursing students were invited to participate in the study on their experiences before and after clinical practice. 158 students carried through to populating the questionnaires, with 96 (61%) of them responding. 45% were from the control group, while 55% came from the project group. The results identified that the average cost of inpatient hospital visits was $9171 and $8679 for non-teaching hospitals. Out of the 15237, 7993 physicians worked at teaching hospitals, and 2995 were involved in both settings. The average age for all physicians was years. Females covered 26.5% of the participant population. A third of the population graduated from medical school. 16.4% of the sample population were satisfied board surgeons, while 31.7% had internal medicine certification. Inferential Statistics Identify examples of inferential statistics in the article. The study determined that the clinical lab exercises were an effective way to facilitate the practice. 47% of the students responded that they should have prepared better. 85% agree that they were capable of mastering a bed bath with an actual patient in practice after the session. The average cost for female physicians was $2264 lower when compared to the costs of patients visiting male physicians. Also noticed was that the average cost for foreign-trained physicians was $1191 less than physicians who graduated from medical colleges. Kumar, S., Syed, N., Jaykumar, S., Prem, V., Karvannan, H., Karthikbabu, S., & Sisodia, V. (2012). Study of nurses′ knowledge about palliative care: A quantitative cross-sectional survey. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 18(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1075.100832 Description Study of Nurses’ Knowledge about Palliative Care: A Quantitative Cross-sectional Survey Independent variable: Palliative Care Dependent variable: Nurses Knowledge Participants for this study were from the various multispecialty hospitals, including those taking professional development programs exclusive for a nurse. All participants needed to provide an approved consent letter before participation. Those who did not provide consent did not proceed with the study. The survey was done for 363 nurses from multispecialty hospitals. This was taken on healthcare professionals currently taking programs for professional development. The used sample method was the implementation of a self-report questionnaire which was filled individually by the participants. The questionnaire was developed by Nakazawa et al., and it entailed 20 items to be fully answered. All questions were related to palliative care. Participants were to respond by mentioning either correct, incorrect, or unsure. The questionnaires were also sectioned into subsections of philosophy, pain, dyspnea, psychiatric problems, and gastrointestinal problems. Out of the 392 distributed and collected questionnaires, 363 were valid. This reflected a response rate of 92.6%. The bigger population was female with a number of 323 (89%) while the male was 40 in number (11%). The participants were also represented differently from different parts of the health facility. From the ward were 154 participants (42.4%), Intensive care unit, 142 people (39.1%), Outpatient unit had 2 people (0.6%), and Other who were 65 in total (17.9%) The overall score of the study was 35.8%, with philosophy covering 36.5%, pain 34.83 dyspnea 28.25%, psychiatric problems 45.75%, and gastrointestinal problems 34%. Generally, females scored more than males with a slight difference. It was also identified that the knowledge about pain was minimal as only 35% of nurses had a good understanding of correct