[ANSWERED 2023] What criteria must be met in order to consider a practice, evidence-based? Provide examples. Explain the role quality plays in evidence-based practice.
What criteria must be met in order to consider a practice, evidence-based? Provide Module 8 Assignment Each response to a task below should be 500-1000 words. All responses should be combined into a single document for submission. APA formatting required. Tasks: 1. Explore the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) website: http://www.ninr.nih.gov/ Review its publication Bringing science to life: NINR strategic plan (2011, p. 7) to identify the current priorities for nursing research. Do you agree with the priorities or would you recommend addition or elimination of some of the priorities? What effect do the nursing research priorities have on nursing researchers? 2. What criteria must be met in order to consider a practice, evidence-based? Provide examples. Explain the role quality plays in evidence-based practice. 3. Based on the information you learned to this point, write a research proposal that relates to the topics you chose for a previous assignment. Be sure to include the following information in your proposal: Hypothesis Theory Design model Method Anticipated results Potential Dissemination Avenues Expert Answer and Explanation Current Nursing Research Priorities Part One The evidence-based practice has become the normal standard in the nursing profession. However, the need for nursing researchers to analyze data, design researches, and report the outcome has become a significant activity. According to Hopia and Heikkilä (2020), nursing research should be made one of the visions for nursing professionals in a move to improve nursing practice and patient care. Thus, nursing professionals should enroll in advanced nursing research courses so that they can gain vital knowledge in nursing research practice. Nursing scholars bring a holistic concept to researching families, communities, and individuals. The nursing research priorities are vital because they reflect the nurses’ commitment to improving health services and the improvement of quality care and patient outcome. The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) argues that research is one of the ways to develop a technical foundation in nursing practice. The institution also reports that nursing research can be used to develop knowledge in preventive disability and disease, manage and eliminate signs of conditions, and improve patient care. The organization highlighted priorities nurses should meet in their research. I agree with the priorities based on the be below importance. The first priority is “enhancing health promotion and disease prevention.” This priority means that nurses should conduct studies that main to improving health promotion and decrease the prevalence of diseases. This priority is so vital to nursing practice in that it motivates nurses to work towards improving health by developing strategies and medical therapies to reduce reports about diseases. Through this priority, nurses can develop vaccines and create health promotion programs to improve their style. Currently, the work requires nurses’ expertise on how to prevent the spread of the Covic- 19 viruses. The nurses should conduct studies to determine how to reduce the spread of the disease and how to treat it. The second priority is “improving palliative and end-of-life care.” P eople who are about to die have the right to die in peace, surrounded by people who love him or her (Al-Yateem et al., 2019). Nurses can improve end-of-life care through research. Research can be done to develop an EBP care strategy that can be used to improve dying patients’ satisfaction. The researches can also help nurses overcome the ethical issues related to end-of-life care. The third priority is “enhancing innovation in science and practice.” Technology can be used to improve patients’ experiences in healthcare institutions. Nurses should also research on how technologies can be applied in nursing. Some of the working technologies include electronic health records (HER), smart beds, and websites. These technologies have helped nursing firms improve data management. Nursing research should also focus on “developing the next generation of nurse scientists.” Researches should be conducted on how the next generation of nurse scientists can be designed (Wolf, 2019). Lastly, nurses should focus on improving the quality of patients’ lives by researching ways on how to manage symptoms of chronic and acute health problems. The priorities can improve job satisfaction because they can be used to answer the majority of nursing issues. Management of nurse staff should also be added to the five priorities. Part 2 Evidence-based practice is a nursing practice that is based on well-structured nursing research. EBP has improved the healthcare system in that it has helped nurses use evidence-based treatments in providing care to patients. Also, nursing leaders have used perspectives to develop and apply strategies that aim at improving workers’ satisfaction in the nursing industry. EBP has helped nurses, and other healthcare professionals develop many treatments that have been used in improving population health (Woo et al., 2017). For instance, through EBP, nurses and other healthcare professionals have been able to get the treatment for Ebola. Also, vaccination against cervical cancer was developed based on EBPs. This part of the assignment discusses the characteristics of EBPs and also analyzes the role of quality on EBPs. Characteristics of EBP The first characteristic of EBP is that is must have been developed by clinical experts. When talking about clinical expertise, one should look at the individual’s experience, educational level, and clinical skills. According to Al-Yateem et al. (2019), clinicians with vast skills in clinical practice can provide better EBP treatments compared to people who have fewer skills because they know what to do at every level. The individual who has developed the practice should also have experience in the issue. For instance, when a clinician does research about management, he or she should have proper knowledge about management. The person’s educational level is also vital in EBP. The practice must be developed by a well-trained person. The second characteristic that EBP practice should meet patient expectations and values. In other words, the practice should be able to improve patient satisfaction. For instance, the medication should be able to treat and cure a patient’s illness so that it can be considered evidence-based. Also, a vaccine can be evidence-based when it prevents certain diseases from affecting the children. The last characteristic is that the practice should have been developed through a sound methodology. The methodology is the research strategies used to conduct a study;
[ANSWERED 2023] An understanding of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the fact that these
An understanding of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. Module 2 Assignment: Case Study Analysis An understanding of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. This importance is magnified by the fact that these two systems work so closely together. A variety of factors and circumstances that impact the emergence and severity of issues in one system can have a role in the performance of the other. Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond these systems and their capacity to work together. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact. An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in cardiovascular and respiratory systems is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health. To prepare: By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study scenario for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor. Scenario: A 65-year-old patient is 8 days post op after a total knee replacement. Patient suddenly complains of shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain, and palpitations. On arrival to the emergency department, an EKG revealed new onset atrial fibrillation and right ventricular strain pattern – T wave inversions in the right precordial leads (V1-4) ± the inferior leads (II, III, aVF). your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis) In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. How these processes interact to affect the patient. By Day 7 of Week 4 Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 4 GRADING RUBRIC: Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examing the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:Explain both the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes of why the patient presents these symptoms.– Excellent 28 (28%) – 30 (30%) Good 25 (25%) – 27 (27%) Fair 23 (23%) – 24 (24%) Poor 0 (0%) – 22 (22%) Explain how the cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes interact to affect the patient.– Excellent 28 (28%) – 30 (30%) Good 25 (25%) – 27 (27%) Fair 23 (23%) – 24 (24%) Poor 0 (0%) – 22 (22%) Explain any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.– Excellent 23 (23%) – 25 (25%) Good 20 (20%) – 22 (22%) Fair 18 (18%) – 19 (19%) Poor 0 (0%) – 17 (17%) Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.– Excellent 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Good 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Fair 3 (3%) – 3 (3%) Poor 0 (0%) – 2 (2%) Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation– Excellent 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Good 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Fair 3 (3%) – 3 (3%) Poor 0 (0%) – 2 (2%) Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.– Excellent 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Good 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Fair 3 (3%) – 3 (3%) Poor 0 (0%) – 2 (2%) Total Points: 100 Expert Answer and Explanation Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes The clinical interventions have seen some specific advancements that have improved medical professionals’ ability to provide safe and quality care to patients. However, medical professionals have found it hard to manage cardiovascular diseases despite the advancements present in the field of medicine as of now. Reamy, Williams, and Odom (2017) argue that the challenge of managing cardiovascular diseases can be reflected in the higher number of patients with the diseases being readmitted to hospitals even after holistic and intensive care. Also, a great number of patients have died of cardiovascular disease despite getting quality and safe medical interventions (McCance & Huether, 2019). Researchers have found that to provide better care to patients with cardiovascular diseases, clinicians should know the pathophysiologic processes resulting in the symptoms. The Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes Various cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary processes resulted in the symptoms presented by the patient. The shortness of breath was caused by interactions between the cardiovascular system, oxygen carriers, neural responses, and the respiratory system (Coccia, Palkowski, Schweitzer, Motsohi, & Ntusi, 2016). The symptom occurred when the drive to breath was not matched by pulmonary ventilation. The process is often triggered by the mismatch between the lungs, chest wall structures, receptors in the airways, and the central respiratory motor activity. The patient experienced pleuritic chest pain because the two large layers of tissues separating the patient’s lungs were inflamed (Inamdar & Inamdar, 2016). The patient felt chest pain because the pleural membrane layers were swollen and rubbing against each other when he breathes. According to Ashton and Raman (2015), there are no clinical reasons for the symptoms of palpitations. However, the authors note that palpation occurs when the cardiac rhythm or rate changes or when the heart moves abnormally in the chest. Racial/Ethnic Variables that may Impact Physiological Functioning Many existing genetic variables may impact the physiological functioning of patients. One such variable is peroxisome proliferator activated‐receptor γ (PPARγ). One of the functions of this variable is regulating the fat cell. Also, activated PPARγ works with thiazolidinediones to block the channel activity of calcium smooth muscle cells, lower blood pressure, promote the secretion of the vasodilator C‐type natriuretic peptide, and prevents the release of
[ANSWERED 2023] For the middle-aged adult, exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems. Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage
For the middle-aged adult, exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems. Choose two at-risk health issues that regular For the middle-aged adult, exercise can reduce the risk of various health problems. Choose two at-risk health issues that regular physical exercise and activity can help prevent and manage. Discuss the prevalence of each of these health problems in society today. Describe measures that you would take as a nurse to assist clients with health promotion measures to incorporate exercise and physical activity into their lives. Include the kind of activities you would recommend, the amount of exercise, and the approach you would use to gain cooperation from the client. Support your response with evidence-based literature. Expert Answer and Explanation Health Management through Physiotherapy The contemporary clinical solutions to the health issues such as type-2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) rely on the physical exercise to advance the disease management and prevention objectives. According to the statistical estimates conducted in 2015, the United States (U.S.) had 30.3 million cases of diabetes mellitus (Bullard et al., 2018). Because factors such as age and economic status predisposes one to the risk of contracting this disease, these cases are highly spread in older adults as well as in economically-disadvantaged populations. This is the same case with the CHD which predominantly affects older Americans (Sanchis-Gomar et al., 2016). Based on the 2016 statistical approximation, the disease affected 15.5 million Americans, aged 20 and above. Another characteristics that is noticeable with the two diseases is their distribution with respect to the race and ethnicities. Minority populations’ risk of contracting either of these disease is higher than the risk in the white populations. Considering the benefits associated with the physiotherapy, it is imperative that caregivers guide patients through the process of incorporating exercise into their. To realize this goal as a nurse, it is important to focus on educating the patient on certain aspects of the physical activities which can help them manage diabetes as well as CHD. The first step in the educational process is to assess whether the patient practices any form of physical exercise, and follow this with explaining to the patient the benefit of this form of activity (Tuso, 2015). Encouraging the patient to actively participate in activities such as walking or doing light jogging every day of the week, for 30 minutes, is important to the health promotion. If possible, involving the family members of the patient can be important in the sense that it helps provide the patient the support they need to adhere to the physiotherapy regimen. The involvement of the family can also help gain cooperation from the client. References Bullard, K. M., Cowie, C. C., Lessem, S. E., Saydah, S. H., Menke, A., Geiss, L. S., … Imperatore, G. (2018). Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes in Adults by Diabetes Type – United States, 2016. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 67(12), 359–361. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6712a2. Sanchis-Gomar, F., Perez-Quilis, C., Leischik, R., & Lucia, A. (2016). Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome. Annals of translational medicine, 4(13), 256. doi:10.21037/atm.2016.06.33. Tuso P. (2015). Strategies to Increase Physical Activity. The Permanente journal, 19(4), 84–88. doi:10.7812/TPP/14-242. Alternative Expert Answer and Explanation Prevalence and Prevention of Diabetes and Hypertension Individuals at risk of diabetes and hypertension or even those with these two conditions can receive immense benefits from physical activity. These two health conditions are prevalent in the United States (U.S.), and the cases differ across populations from different demographic backgrounds. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) updates information concerning the prevalence of the two medical conditions, and based one of the agency’s reports, the number of individuals in the country with diabetes is more than 30.3 million people (CDC, 2017). A population of 84.1 million of Americans are pre-diabetic, and this group is at risk of developing diabetes if they fail to get early treatment (Bullard et al., 2018). Conversely, the number of the incidences of hypertension are higher compared to the cases of diabetes. Approximately, 77.9 million adult Americans have this condition. However, for both diseases, cases differ across various social dimensions including family income status, race and education. Among the educated Americans, incidences were 12% in 2017. In the same year still, rates among the Appalachia communities were higher compared to the general population. Various measures can help the recovery of the patients or the prevention of the two medical conditions. Involving the patient or at risk person is a light physical activity that takes 30 minutes every day can yield better clinical outcomes. Physiotherapy plan should include instructions on the type of the activity or exercise the patient will have to perform. The exercise ranges from the brisk walk, to jogging and running. Besides, it is important to recommend to the patient the food they would need to eat so that they can stay healthy (Brown et al., 2017). To facilitate the cooperation from the client, it is important to involve them in identifying the type of activity which can be appealing to them, and involving them in scheduling for the physical activity. References Brown, A., Houser, R. F., Mattei, J., Mozaffarian, D., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Folta, S. C. (2017). Hypertension among US-born and foreign-born non-Hispanic Blacks: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2014 data. Journal of hypertension, 35(12), 2380–2387. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001489. Bullard, K. M., Cowie, C. C., Lessem, S. E., Saydah, S. H., Menke, A., Geiss, L. S., … Imperatore, G. (2018). Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes in Adults by Diabetes Type – United States, 2016. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 67(12), 359–361. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6712a2. CDC. (2017). New CDC Report: More than 100 Million Americans have Diabetes or Prediabetes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2017/p0718-diabetes-report.html. Place your order now for a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Use Coupon: NEW30 to Get 30% OFF Your First Order FAQs 35 benefits of exercise Reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Boosts the immune system, making it easier to fight off infections. Helps to control
[SOLVED 2023] Select an adult patient that you examined during the last 4 weeks who presented with a disorder other than the disorder present in your Week 3 Case Presentation
Select an adult patient that you examined during the last 4 weeks who presented with a Create a Focused SOAP Note on this patient using the template provided in the Learning Resources. There is also a completed Focused SOAP Note Exemplar provided to serve as a guide to assignment expectations. Please Note: All SOAP notes must be signed, and each page must be initialed by your Preceptor. Note: Electronic signatures are not accepted. When you submit your note, you should include the complete focused SOAP note as a Word document and PDF/images of each page that is initialled and signed by your Preceptor. You must submit your SOAP note using SafeAssign. Note: If both files are not received by the due date, faculty will deduct points per the Walden Grading Policy. Then, based on your SOAP note of this patient, develop a video case study presentation. Take time to practice your presentation before you record. Include at least five scholarly resources to support your assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning. Ensure that you have the appropriate lighting and equipment to record the presentation. The Assignment Record yourself presenting the complex case study for your clinical patient. In your presentation: Dress professionally and present yourself in a professional manner. Display your photo ID at the start of the video when you introduce yourself. Ensure that you do not include any information that violates the principles of HIPAA (i.e., don’t use the patient’s name or any other identifying information). Present the full complex case study. Include chief complaint; history of present illness; any pertinent past psychiatric, substance use, medical, social, family history; most recent mental status exam; current psychiatric diagnosis including differentials that were ruled out; and plan for treatment and management. Report normal diagnostic results as the name of the test and “normal” (rather than specific value). Abnormal results should be reported as a specific value. Be succinct in your presentation, and do not exceed 8 minutes. Specifically address the following for the patient, using your SOAP note as a guide: Subjective: What details did the patient provide regarding their chief complaint and symptomology to derive your differential diagnosis? What is the duration and severity of their symptoms? How are their symptoms impacting their functioning in life? Objective: What observations did you make during the psychiatric assessment? Assessment: Discuss patient mental status examination results. What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses and why you chose them. List them from highest priority to lowest priority. What was your primary diagnosis, and why? Describe how your primary diagnosis aligns with DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and supported by the patient’s symptoms. Plan: What was your plan for psychotherapy? What was your plan for treatment and management, including alternative therapies? Include pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments, alternative therapies, and follow-up parameters, as well as a rationale for this treatment and management plan. Be sure to include at least one health promotion activity and one patient education strategy. Reflection notes: What would you do differently with this patient if you could conduct the session over? If you are able to follow up with your patient, explain whether these interventions were successful and why or why not. If you were not able to conduct a follow up, discuss what your next intervention would be. Learning Resources Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) Carlat, D. J. (2017). The psychiatric interview (4th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 28, “Assessing Neurocognitive Disorders (Dementia and Delirium)” Expert Answer and Explanation Schizoaffective Disorder Subjective: CC (chief complaint): “They want to kill me but people do not believe me. I can even hear them talk.” HPI: JW is a 45-years-old male of Caucasian origin who came to the healthcare facility complaining of auditory and visual hallucinations. The patient has not been prescribed any medications at the moment until screening and testing are done. He complains that he has been seeing people around his home and hearing them planning his death. She has been reporting hallucinations for the past six weeks or so. He was accompanied by his wife to the office. The wife noted that the patient has been showing catatonic behavior for the past weeks. She narrated that the patient sometimes grabs his gun and speaks to himself by saying that he will kill them before they kill him. He has also been spotted echoing words as if he is repeating someone else’s words. The wife argued that when the client is not experiencing hallucinations, he experiences a depressed mood by not eating or wanting to be near anybody. When he is moody, he wants to be isolated and away from the world. The wife noted that the symptoms have pushed him away from his work and family. He was given leave to go and sought himself out. Substance Current Use: The patient has a history of taking drugs. He reports using illicit drugs such as cocaine and meth. However, he denies using alcohol or cigarettes. Medical History: He was diagnosed with hypertension but stopped taking medications noting that “they” want to kill him using medications. Current Medications: He is not on any medications at the moment. Allergies:No allergies. Reproductive Hx:He has not been able to engage in sexual activities in the past seven months. ROS: GENERAL: Wife reports weight loss. The client reports fatigue and weakness on some occasions. Denies fever or chills. HEENT: Eyes: No eye diseases or abnormalities. Ears, Nose, Throat: He denies hearing loss or infections. He denies a runny nose, sore throat, congestion, or sneezing. SKIN: No rash. CARDIOVASCULAR: No chest pressure, edema or palpitations, chest discomfort, or chest pressure. RESPIRATORY: No difficulty breathing, sputum, or cough. GASTROINTESTINAL: No abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, or anorexia. GENITOURINARY: No odd color, hesitancy, odor, urgency, or burning during urination. NEUROLOGICAL: No tingling or numbness of the legs or fingers. No dizziness, headache, ataxia, paralysis, or bowel problems. MUSCULOSKELETAL: No stiffness or pain in the joints and muscles. No muscle, back pain, joint pain, or stiffness. HEMATOLOGIC: No anemia, clotting abnormalities, or abnormal hematologic status. LYMPHATICS: No enlarged nodes. ENDOCRINOLOGIC: Denies polydipsia, cold, sweating, polyuria, or heat problems. Objective: Physical Exam: Temp 36, BP 137/90, Ht. 6’2, Wt. 145lbs, P 78, RR 18. HEENT: Head: Face is symmetrical. Cranial nerves V and VII around the head are intact. He can move facial muscles at will. The shape of the head is rounded and there are no involuntary muscle movements.Eyes: Cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal system, anterior chamber, and pupils are intact. The eye is not painful or red. Vision intact. Lacerations positions normal. Ears: Hearing
[ANSWERED 2022] In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, you will develop a process for advocating about an issue as a nurse, from identifying a problem that needs to be solved through articulating a process for doing so
In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, you will develop a process for advocating Reaching out a Solution In a Microsoft Word document of 4-5 pages formatted in APA style, you will develop a process for advocating about an issue as a nurse, from identifying a problem that needs to be solved through articulating a process for doing so. This assignment consists of answering each of the questions listed below from the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter of your course textbook. Write each question as a new topic area; then follow with a paragraph or two to answer the question. Let us assume that you are a school nurse in a high school. At a recent school athletic event, a spectator suffered a cardiac arrest in the stands. A coach of the home team went into the high school to fetch the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED) only to find out that it was not readily available. In the meantime, an emergency squad arrived and resuscitated the spectator. On Monday morning, you learn of the absence of the AED only to find out that it had been locked in the custodian’s closet. Reflect on the following questions outlined in the “Political Analysis and Strategies” chapter What is the issue? Is it my issue, and can I solve it? Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one? Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait? Is it likely to go away by itself? Can I risk ignoring it? What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions? What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue? Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution? Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution? Reaching a solution requires the use of power vested in the nurse. Review Box 9-1 (Sources of Power) and determine which type(s) of power the school nurse has in this situation. State your reasons for your answer. On a separate reference page, cite all sources using APA format. Please note that the title and reference pages should not be included in the total page count of your paper. Expert Answer and Explanation Reaching out a Solution What is the issue? Nurses have to go through many issues that need their attention in their line of work. The problems can include but not limited to, policy-based, medical equipment based, and financial-based problems. In this scenario, the high school nurse is experiencing the issue of poor storage of medical emergency equipment. Is it my issue, and can I solve it? Poor storage of medical equipment is a nursing issue, and they should be part of the team that provides solutions. According to Lavin et al. (2015), nurses should have medical equipment readily available so that they can effectively discharge their duties. However, if the tool is out of reach, the nurses will not save lives are required of them. Is this the real issue or merely a symptom of a larger one? The inadequate storage of medical equipment is not the real issue in this situation. The problem is part of a more significant issue, which is the lack of training staff on how to handle medical equipment. If the workers are not well trained, they will not have proper knowledge of how to handle medical tools (Freeland et al., 2016). Institution managers should also be trained on how to manage health tools. Does it need an immediate solution, or can it wait? A patient might die if not given immediate first aid treatment. However, Bojarski et al. (2016) report that nurses cannot provide proper first aid when the equipment to do so is lacking. Thus, this issue should be solved immediately to avoid significant situations in the future. Is it likely to go away by itself? Poor handling of medical equipment is part of the lack of training. Thus, it cannot go by itself. On that note, nurses should be involved in solving it. Can I risk ignoring it? A nurse or any other stakeholder cannot ignore the issue of improper handling of medical equipment. Freeland et al. (2016) argue that if emergency medical tools are missing, many people can die. Therefore, the nurse should step up and handle the issue with all the resources at his or her disposal. What are the possible solutions? Are there risks to these solutions? The first possible solution to mishandling medical equipment is training staff on how to handle the tools. The custodian could have been educated to give a nurse or any person in charge of student health who was on the shift to control the automatic emergency defibrillator (AED). The second solution is employing trained personnel to handle medical equipment. The custodian of the AED was not medically trained to handle the therapeutic tool. The final solution is firing the custodian of AED for not being present during such a huge event where a person might develop a health issue. What steps would you need to take in order to solve the issue? The first step a nurse can take in solving the issue is researching, asking why the AED was not available when needed. Second is writing a report on the findings and presenting it to the revenant authorities within the school. Lastly, following up to check if his or her recommendations are being implemented. Does anyone else at the school need to be involved in the solution? Many people in the school need to be involved in solving the issue. The management should be included, and their thoughts collected. Also, the nurse should meet the finance and HR departments and discuss with them why they need to fire the current custodian and hire another person who is more qualified to handle medical equipment such as AED. Where is the power leverage in the school to reach the preferred solution? The school nurse can
[ANSWERED 2023] Nurses conducting assessments of the ears, nose, and throat must be able to identify the small differences between life-threatening conditions and benign ones. For instance, if a patient
Nurses conducting assessments of the ears, nose, and throat must be able to identify the small differences between life-threatening conditions and benign ones Case Study Assignment Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat Nurses conducting assessments of the ears, nose, and throat must be able to identify the small differences between life-threatening conditions and benign ones. For instance, if a patient with a sore throat and a runny nose also has inflamed lymph nodes, the inflammation is probably due to the pathogen causing the sore throat rather than a case of throat cancer. With this knowledge and a sufficient patient health history, a nurse would not need to escalate the assessment to a biopsy or an MRI of the lymph nodes but would probably perform a simple strep test. Most ear, nose, and throat conditions that arise in non-critical care settings are minor in nature. However, subtle symptoms can sometimes escalate into life-threatening conditions that require prompt assessment and treatment. In this Case Study Assignment, you consider case studies of abnormal findings from patients in a clinical setting. You determine what history should be collected from the patients, what physical exams and diagnostic tests should be conducted, and formulate a differential diagnosis with several possible conditions. Required Sources Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2019). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Chapter 11, “Head and Neck” This chapter reviews the anatomy and physiology of the head and neck. The authors also describe the procedures for conducting a physical examination of the head and neck. Chapter 12, “Eyes” In this chapter, the authors describe the anatomy and function of the eyes. In addition, the authors explain the steps involved in conducting a physical examination of the eyes. Chapter 13, “Ears, Nose, and Throat” The authors of this chapter detail the proper procedures for conducting a physical exam of the ears, nose, and throat. The chapter also provides pictures and descriptions of common abnormalities in the ears, nose, and throat. Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. (2019). Advanced health assessment and clinical diagnosis in primary care (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Credit Line: Advanced Health Assessment and Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care, 6th Edition by Dains, J.E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. Copyright 2019 by Mosby. Reprinted by permission of Mosby via the Copyright Clearance Center. Chapter 15, “Earache” Download Chapter 15, “Earache” This chapter covers the main questions that need to be asked about the patient’s condition prior to the physical examination as well as how these questions lead to a focused physical examination. Chapter 21, “Hoarseness” Download Chapter 21, “Hoarseness” This chapter focuses on the most common causes of hoarseness. It provides strategies for evaluating the patient, both through questions and through physical exams. Chapter 25, “Nasal Symptoms and Sinus Congestion” Download Chapter 25, “Nasal Symptoms and Sinus Congestion” In this chapter, the authors highlight the key questions to ask about the patients symptoms, the key parts of the physical examination, and potential laboratory work that might be needed to provide an accurate diagnosis of nasal and sinus conditions. Chapter 30, “Red Eye” Download Chapter 30, “Red Eye” The focus of this chapter is on how to determine the cause of red eyes in a patient, including key symptoms to consider and possible diagnoses. Chapter 32, “Sore Throat” Download Chapter 32, “Sore Throat” A sore throat is one most common concerns patients describe. This chapter includes questions to ask when taking the patient’s history, things to look for while conducting the physical exam, and possible causes for the sore throat. Chapter 38, “Vision Loss” Download Chapter 38, “Vision Loss” This chapter highlights the causes of vision loss and how the causes of the condition can be diagnosed. Note: Download the six documents (Student Checklists and Key Points) below, and use them as you practice conducting assessments of the head, neck, eyes, ears, nose, and throat. Document: Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Exemplar Download Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Exemplar (Word document) Document: Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Template Download Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Template (Word document) Document: Midterm Exam Review Download Midterm Exam Review (Word document) Shadow Health Support and Orientation Resources Shadow Health. (2021). Welcome to your introduction to Shadow Health Links to an external site.. https://link.shadowhealth.com/Student-Orientation-Video Shadow Health. (n.d.). Shadow Health help desk Links to an external site.. Retrieved from https://support.shadowhealth.com/hc/en-us Shadow Health. (2021). Walden University quick start guide: NURS 6512 NP students Download Walden University quick start guide: NURS 6512 NP students. Links to an external site. https://link.shadowhealth.com/Walden-NURS-6512-Student-Guide Document: DCE (Shadow Health) Documentation Template Download DCE (Shadow Health) Documentation Template for Focused Exam: Cough (Word document) Use this template to complete your Assignment 2 for this week. To Prepare By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor. Also, your Case Study Assignment should be in the Episodic/Focused SOAP Note format rather than the traditional narrative style format. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template in the Week 5 Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that all Episodic/Focused SOAP Notes have specific data included in every patient case. With regard to the case study you were assigned: Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide. Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient. Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis? Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient. The Assignment Use the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template and create an episodic/focused note about the patient in the case study to which you were assigned using the episodic/focused note template provided in the Week 5 resources.
[ANSWERED 2023] For this week assignment, write a 1500-word essay addressing each of the following points/questions. Read the case study presented at the end of Chapter 10, which begins
For this week assignment, write a 1500-word essay addressing each of the following points/questions. Read the case study presented at the end of Chapter 10, which begins For this week assignment, write a 1500-word essay addressing each of the following points/questions. Read the case study presented at the end of Chapter 10, which begins “The elderly patient resided at the nursing home for almost a year before she died at the hospital.” Did the lack of documentation in the admitting nurse\’s assessment and notes affect the ultimate outcome of this case? Was there negligence on the part of the nursing staff in the care of this patient? What could the nurse have done differently to facilitate a different outcome in this case? How would you decide this case? Using the sample professional liability insurance policy (Chapter 11 p. 191-192 Figure 11-1) locate the various provisions: Limits of liability Declarations Deductibles Exclusions Reservation of rights Covered injuries Defense costs Coverage conditions and supplementary payments Did you have difficulty finding some of the sections? Would this be a policy that you would consider purchasing for your own liability coverage? Why or why not? Read the case study presented at the end of Chapter 11, You Be the Judge, which begins, “During an unexpected heat wave,…” (Guido, p. 195): What provisions of an insurance policy would you consult to determine if an insurance company should pay such a claim, and what would the limits of the liability be? Is the nursing home insurance company correct in saying that this is a professional judgment issue? Which insurance company (the nursing home\’s or that of the administrator of the nursing home, assuming she has coverage) should pay the court-ordered judgment? How would you decide the case? Please combine all of these responses into a single Microsoft Word document for submission. Submit only completed assignments (not partial or \”draft\” assignments). Be thorough in your responses to adequately address all aspects of each question. Start by reading and following these instructions: Study the required chapter(s) of the textbook and any additional recommended resources. Some answers may require you to do additional research on the Internet or in other reference sources. Choose your sources carefully. Consider the discussion and the any insights you gained from it. Review the assignment rubric and the specifications below to ensure that your response aligns with all assignment expectations. Create your assignment submission and be sure to cite your sources, use APA style as required, and check your spelling. The following specifications are required for this assignment: Length: 1500 words; answers must thoroughly address the questions in a clear, concise manner. Structure: Include a title page and reference page in APA style. These do not count towards the minimum word count for this assignment. References: Use the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. Include at least three (3) scholarly sources to support your claims. Format: Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document (.doc or .docx). Expert Answer and Explanation Professional Liability Issues in Nursing Nurses are legally obliged to be competent, and to provide safe care by following appropriate guidelines and protocol to deliver safe care. In nursing practice, legal and ethical issues arise because of lack of the nurse’s understanding of the policy regulations that dictate and inform professional behavior. Carelessness coupled by stress overload can equally cause the nurse to compromise their moral obligation to the patient, leading to safety concerns (Azizian et al., 2021). Because of too much work, a nurse may neglect some of their obligations or responsibilities, and as a result, cause harm to the patient. When a nurse causes injury to the patient because of negligence, they may lose their license, job or face malpractice suit. In certain cases, an insurance company may pay the injured patient if a nurse has professional liability policy. However, the idea of compensating the patient in this case can be intricate as presented in the case study in chapter 11. It is important to examine the liability issues that occur in the nursing profession. Chapter 10 Case Study Analysis Whether the Lack of Documentation in Admitting Nurse’s Assessment and Notes affected the Outcome of the Case Given the details of the case study, there is a perspective from which one can explain the reasons for the outcomes of the case. The events of the case played out as they did due to the inability of the nurse to recognize missed diagnosis. With undocumented missed diagnosis, the nurse would not have managed to influence the outcomes of the case. The nurse was unprofessional in terms of how they handled the issue, and this could be because they lacked the experience of recognizing the patient’s needs including the diagnosis (Mello et al., 2020). Had the nurse had adequate experience, they would have placed the patient in a safer bed to minimize their risk of developing pressure ulcers. Evidence of Negligence on the Part of the Nursing Staff in the Care of the Patient The nursing staff neglected their duty to prevent the patient from developing the pressure ulcers by failing to perform comprehensive assessment of the patient. Had they comprehensively assessed the patient, they would have helped avert the problem. One of the defining features of this assessment is that it involves gathering pertinent patient’s information including their risks of developing serious health disorders (Dahlawi et al., 2021). Because the nurse’s failure to review the patient’s health, they failed to notice the possibility of the patient developing pressure ulcers. What the Nurse could have Done Differently to Facilitate a Different Outcome in the Case To facilitate different outcomes, the nurse should have documented the diagnosis information. With the information documented, the clinicians working with the patient would have been able to access it, resulting to effective management of the patient’s health. This information is equally important in the sense that it communicates the patient’s data including needs so that providers rely on it to make informed
[ANSWERED 2023] An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors
An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity. Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact. An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. In this Assignment you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health. To prepare: By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor. The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis) Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you: Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described. Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. Scenario 3: A 34-year-old Hispanic-American male with end-stage renal disease received a kidney transplant from a cadaver donor, as no one in his family was a good match. His post-operative course was uneventful, and he was discharged with the antirejection drugs Tacrolimus (Prograf), Cyclosporine (Neoral), and Imuran (Azathioprine). He did well for 3 months and had returned to his job as a policeman. Six months after his transplant, he began to gain weight, had decreased urine output, was very fatigued, and began to run temperatures up to 101?F. He was evaluated by his nephrologist, who diagnosed acute kidney transplant rejection. Excellent Good Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following: Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described. Points Range: 28 (28%) – 30 (30%) The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms. The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. Points Range: 25 (25%) – 27 (27%) The response describes the patient symptoms. The response includes accurate reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation. Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. Points Range: 23 (23%) – 25 (25%) The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. Points Range: 20 (20%) – 22 (22%) The response includes an accurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. Points Range: 28 (28%) – 30 (30%) The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition. Points Range: 25 (25%) – 27 (27%) The response includes an accurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition. NURS 6501 Module 1 assignment Case Study Analysis Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria. Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria. Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive. Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct APA format with no errors. Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors. Fair Poor Points Range: 23 (23%) – 24 (24%) The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate. NURS 6501 Module 1 assignment Case Study Analysis The response includes reasons for the symptoms, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research. Points Range: 0 (0%) – 22 (22%) The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing. The response does not include reasons for the symptoms, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research. Points Range: 18 (18%) – 19 (19%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. Points Range: 0 (0%) – 17 (17%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease is missing. Points Range: 23 (23%) – 24 (24%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition. Points Range: 0 (0%) – 17 (17%) The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition, or the analysis is missing. Points Range: 3 (3%) –
[ANSWERED 2023] Conduct research on approaches to risk management processes, policies, and concerns in your current or anticipated professional arena to find an example of a risk management plan
Conduct research on approaches to risk management processes, policies, and concerns in The purpose of this assignment is to analyze a health care risk management program. The concepts in this assignment will be expanded on in the Topic 2 assignment and the Topic 3 benchmark assignment. Conduct research on approaches to risk management processes, policies, and concerns in your current or anticipated professional arena to find an example of a risk management plan. Look for a plan with sufficient content to be able to complete this assignment successfully. In a 1,000‐1,250-word paper, provide an analysis of the risk management plan that includes the following: Description of the health care organization to which the plan applies and the role risk management plays in that setting. Summary of the type of risk management plan you selected (new employee, specific audience, community‐focused, etc.) and your rationale for selecting that example. Description of the standard administrative steps and processes in a typical health care organization’s risk management program compared to the administrative steps and processes you identify in your selected example plan. (Note: For standard risk management policies and procedures, look up the Medicare Improvement for Patients and Provider Act (MIPPA)-approved accrediting body that regulates the risk management standards in your chosen health care sector, and consider federal, state, and local statutes as well.) Evaluation of your selected risk management plan’s compliance with the standards of its corresponding MIPPA-approved accrediting body relevant to privacy, health care worker safety, and patient safety. Analysis of the key agencies and organizations that regulate the administration of safe health care in your current or future area of concentration and an evaluation of the roles each one plays in the risk management oversight process. Proposed recommendations or changes you would implement in your risk management program example to enhance, improve, or secure the compliance standards. Proposed recommendation or changes you would implement to build and support a culture of compassion and concern for patients and health care employee safety. Base your response on the Christian worldview principle that work within the public arena should be performed with compassion, justice, and concern for the common good. In addition to your textbook and the GCU “Statement on the Integration of Faith and Work,” you are required to support your analysis with at least three credible health-related resources. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance. Benchmark Information This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency: BS Health Sciences 3.2 Discuss compliance with risk management protocol. Expert Answer and Explanation Risk Management Program Analysis Managing risks is a vital part of how healthcare works, ensuring that everyone involved benefits. Having effective criteria for risk management is crucial for the organization to achieve its goals and other important aspects, contributing significantly to its success. In essence, risk management involves evaluating risks and finding solutions to reduce these risks (Hick et al., 2020). Properly communicating about these risks is also a key part of a risk management plan. Nurses Service Organization (NSO) and Healthcare Providers Service Organization (HPSO) can provide valuable insights for developing effective management programs. Description of the Healthcare Organization The plan for managing risks serves as a useful tool for putting the overall risk management program into action within both inpatient and outpatient healthcare organizations. This program provides essential structure and guidelines applicable to the organization’s clinical and business services. Its aim is to enhance the quality of patient care while ensuring a safe working environment for the staff (Johnson et al., 2020). Following the principles of the risk management plan, the emphasis is on providing a simultaneous, thorough, and organized approach to decrease instances of risk for all involved parties. Activities within risk management encompass identifying, analyzing, investigating, and evaluating risks to assess the effectiveness of implemented changes (Johnson et al., 2020). These steps are then followed by choosing and applying the most suitable method to effectively address, manage, reduce, eliminate, or transfer issues related to unintentional injuries in the healthcare setting. Summary of Selected Risk Management Plan The primary aim of the chosen risk management program is to safeguard nursing staff, patients, and healthcare visitors from unintentional injuries. Additionally, the program is designed to protect the intangible and financial assets of the organization, including its standing in the community and reputation. Unintentional injuries, a significant form of healthcare-acquired illness, affect a considerable number of individuals in the healthcare sector (Hick et al., 2020). Hospital-acquired infections or illnesses impose unnecessary financial strain on the hospital and consume resources that could otherwise be used for the treatment and care of deserving patients. In the hospital setting, various inadvertent injuries such as patient falls, late diagnosis, and misdiagnosis pose risks to patients. The identified risk management program provides an analysis of the authorities involved and the roles that the risk manager plays in ensuring the program’s effectiveness. The organization appoints and empowers the risk manager to guarantee the program’s effectiveness and align the final outcomes with the projected goals (Hick et al., 2020). The program includes a governing body with roles and responsibilities that can be communicated verbally or through a written transcript. The risk manager is responsible for creating, implementing, and evaluating the program’s effectiveness, following set standards for quality, infection control, and patient safety management. Standard Administrative Steps and processes In a standard healthcare organization, the established administrative procedures follow a specific intervention model before resolution or elimination. The medical facility, which provides healthcare services, employs staff, including nurses and physicians, who interact with patients. These staff members adhere to company policies that define acceptable and unacceptable practices (Tuck & Hough, 2017). The staff and affected patients or interested parties are the
[ANSWERED 2023] Reflect upon a patient care encounter from personal practice in which principles from Barbara Carper’s theory of “Ways of Knowing” were used. Illustrate how each fundamental pattern
Reflect upon a patient care encounter from personal practice in which principles from Module 1: Assignment Remember to submit your work following the file naming convention FirstInitial.LastName_M01.docx. For example, J.Smith_M01.docx. Remember that it is not necessary to manually type in the file extension; it will automatically append. Start by reading and following these instructions: 1. Quickly skim the questions or assignment below and the assignment rubric to help you focus. 2. Read the required chapter(s) of the textbook and any additional recommended resources. Some answers may require you to do additional research on the Internet or in other reference sources. Choose your sources carefully. 3. Consider the course discussions so far and any insights gained from it. 4. Create your Assignment submission and be sure to cite your sources if needed, use APA style as required, and check your spelling. Assignment: Reflect upon a patient care encounter from personal practice in which principles from Barbara Carper’s theory of “Ways of Knowing” were used. Illustrate how each fundamental pattern for nursing knowledge contributed to the care of this patient. Select a particular area of nursing that is of interest to you. Elaborate on the specifics of nursing research in relation to this area— what can be accomplished by it, and why you believe it to be valuable. Include an explanation of the following questions in your response. What role does nursing research play in the development of applied medicine? What are the best methods for conducting such research? Include specific topics you will cover, and how this relates to your literature review. How do you know whether a topic qualifies as research worthy? What criteria make a topic acceptable for research? The assignment should be between 1500 and 2000 words in length and contain at least two scholarly sources, in addition to the textbook and provided material. Please submit your assignment in one APA formatted document. Expert Answer and Explanation Research Process and Application in Pediatrics Nursing, as a professional, relies on knowledge and the development of this knowledge is critical to the advancement of the health care objectives. In the context of the nursing profession, meeting patients’ needs is a universal priority, and theories often guide the decisions nurses make in order to meet the expectations of the various stakeholders in the healthcare sector. The contemporary health care delivery models are increasingly adopting findings from the empirical studies as the standard for guiding clinical decisions. This is emerging as a standard practice in the pediatrics where nurses work with younger patients. Theories, combined with the empirical reviews, provide the frameworks for the development of the evidence which pediatricians adopt for the purpose of applying in their practice. Research and theories, are however, useful in the development of the applied medicine (Smith & Parker, 2015). The role of this study is to explore the importance and applicability of nursing knowledge and research with focus on Barbara Carper’s theory of Ways of Knowing. Reflection upon a Patient Care Encounter Reflecting on the past clinical experience, I had an encounter with a patient who cried and complained of pain on the ankle, and I responded to the need of this patient by administering lidocaine. As a caregiver, I see myself as a custodian of the patient, and this formed the basis for my decision to respond as I did. By undertaking this decision, the patient’s pain subsided, and they did not cry for the rest of the period they were in the hospital. This brought calm to the patients and relieved the stress in the patient’s family members. I experience a sense of personal satisfaction, and I felt that my decision to act in a way that I did reflects how nurses impact the lives of the patients. As a person driven by belief to do the greater good, I had to consider injecting the patient with anesthetic medication to reduce the patient’s pain, even though I knew that the injection causes pain itself (Alligood, 2014). Based on what I have learned from various studies, injection with anesthetic medication can reduce pain, and this guided my decision. Specifics of the Nursing Research in Relations to Pediatric Nursing Nurses specializing in pediatrics can find the nursing research crucial in helping advance the clinical objectives in this area of their practice. Pediatric patients present in hospitals with a wide spectrum of medical needs, and this warrants the need for the caregivers to perform the correct assessment and administer evidence-guided interventions. Some of the patients who seek for services in this area have limited understanding of the health knowledge, and the provider cannot rely on these patients to make sound clinical decisions. The nursing research compensates for this challenge by making it possible for caregivers to apply what has worked elsewhere into the intervention regiment, and this improves the possibility of gaining favorable intervention outcomes (Alligood, 2014). Indeed, nursing research may give details about certain clinical conditions which affect patients during specific age, and this knowledge can form the basis for performing certain diagnostic procedures to determine the presence of the disease. Role of the Nursing Research in the Development of Applied Medicine Nursing knowledge is becoming increasingly important in applied medicine, and nursing professionals utilize the existing source of knowledge to explore the intervention options which they can apply in the delivery of care to improve treatment outcomes. These professionals, at various levels of their practice, become aware of the procedures involved in retrieving, reading, critiquing and applying the current studies. With this knowledge, nurses can identify issues with the current studies, and correct these mistakes, and ultimately define the new approaches for addressing the disease incidences, either at individual or community level. The healthcare environment is dynamic, and this is because of the increased emphasis on the improvement of the quality. Essentially, nurses can use this research for the purpose of responding to these changes so that they meet the changing expectations. For nurses, understanding of the current approaches to addressing clinical issues can be