Using the research article selected for DQ 1, identify three key questions you will ask and answer when reading the research study and why these questions are important. When responding to peers, provide other questions and answers that could be considered in relation to the peers’ studies.

TOPIC 2 DQ 1: Effectiveness of Sampling Method Used

Overview of the Study

The article by Griffiths et al. involves a study that investigates the relationship between nurse staffing and the occurrence of omissions. The objective of the study is to assess nursing care that is missed frequently in acute inpatient adult wards, and to determine the linkage between missed care and the levels of staffing (Griffiths et al., 2018). The background of the study is that there are numerous adverse patient outcomes that are directly associated with nurse staffing levels. The study utilizes a systematic review design, with the data sources being several databases including CINAHL and EMBASE (Griffiths et al., 2018). The study shows that there is a high level of association between low nurse staffing and high reports of missed care.

Effectiveness of the Sampling Method Selected

Systematic random sampling was applied when collecting data, and it was effective in collecting data from various databases to be used in the study. In this method, researchers select elements from a sampling frame that is ordered, which in this case is the databases (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). The method of sampling is easy to understand, and it helps in bringing a greater control of the sense of the process (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). Because of using this method, the researchers in the study were also able to reduce the risks through elimination of clustered selections. Given a chance to redo the study, I would be sure to use systematic random sampling method, as it is the only method that can give optimal results in a study of this nature.

References

Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487.

Javaid, A., Noor-ul-Amin, M., & Hanif, M. (2019). Modified Ratio Estimator in Systematic Random Sampling Under Non-response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, 89(4), 817-825.

 

TOPIC 2 DQ 2: Key Questions When Reading the Article

What are the researchers’ hypotheses?

            Asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers helps to study the mind of the researchers before and after the study is conducted. This question also allows one to put themselves into the perspective of the study as intended by the authors of the article. In some of the cases, asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers can help to identify the possibility of biases in a research. In this study Griffith et al. (2018) hypothesize that low levels of staffing are linked with poor patient outcomes, and the hypothesis is confirmed in the results. The fact that the hypothesis matches to outcomes could lead to questions of whether or not there is biases, but in this case, it is clear from the research procedure that there is no data manipulation.

What is the unit of analysis?

Asking oneself about the unit of analysis also helps to ensure effectiveness in managing the interpretations of the results. A failure to consider the units of a study would imply that the researcher does not understand the exact parameters being applied.

How generalizable are the results?

The generalizability of results is another aspect that is evident in studies that sound ‘too obvious (Pearl & Bareinboim, 2019).’ I would ask myself about the generalizability of the results as it would help me to assess whether or not the article is useful enough for me to make different inferences from the study topic. The article by Griffiths et al. does not have generalizable results as the results are full of details to describe the outcome of the study.

References

Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487.

Pearl, J., & Bareinboim, E. (2019). Note on ‘‘Generalizability of Study Results ‘‘.  Epidemiology, 30(2), 186-188.

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