[ANSWERED 2023] Select a research article other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library
Select a research article other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library TOPIC 2 DQ 1: Select a research article, other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library. Provide an overview of the study and describe the strategy that was used to select the sample from the population. Evaluate the effectiveness of the sampling method selected. Provide support for your answer. Include the article title and permalink in your post. TOPIC 2 DQ 2: Using the research article selected for DQ 1, identify three key questions you will ask and answer when reading the research study and why these questions are important. When responding to peers, provide other questions and answers that could be considered in relation to the peers’ studies. Expert Answer and Explanation TOPIC 2 DQ 1: Effectiveness of Sampling Method Used Overview of the Study The article by Griffiths et al. involves a study that investigates the relationship between nurse staffing and the occurrence of omissions. The objective of the study is to assess nursing care that is missed frequently in acute inpatient adult wards, and to determine the linkage between missed care and the levels of staffing (Griffiths et al., 2018). The background of the study is that there are numerous adverse patient outcomes that are directly associated with nurse staffing levels. The study utilizes a systematic review design, with the data sources being several databases including CINAHL and EMBASE (Griffiths et al., 2018). The study shows that there is a high level of association between low nurse staffing and high reports of missed care. Effectiveness of the Sampling Method Selected Systematic random sampling was applied when collecting data, and it was effective in collecting data from various databases to be used in the study. In this method, researchers select elements from a sampling frame that is ordered, which in this case is the databases (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). The method of sampling is easy to understand, and it helps in bringing a greater control of the sense of the process (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). Because of using this method, the researchers in the study were also able to reduce the risks through elimination of clustered selections. Given a chance to redo the study, I would be sure to use systematic random sampling method, as it is the only method that can give optimal results in a study of this nature. References Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487. Javaid, A., Noor-ul-Amin, M., & Hanif, M. (2019). Modified Ratio Estimator in Systematic Random Sampling Under Non-response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, 89(4), 817-825. TOPIC 2 DQ 2: Key Questions When Reading the Article What are the researchers’ hypotheses? Asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers helps to study the mind of the researchers before and after the study is conducted. This question also allows one to put themselves into the perspective of the study as intended by the authors of the article. In some of the cases, asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers can help to identify the possibility of biases in a research. In this study Griffith et al. (2018) hypothesize that low levels of staffing are linked with poor patient outcomes, and the hypothesis is confirmed in the results. The fact that the hypothesis matches to outcomes could lead to questions of whether or not there is biases, but in this case, it is clear from the research procedure that there is no data manipulation. What is the unit of analysis? Asking oneself about the unit of analysis also helps to ensure effectiveness in managing the interpretations of the results. A failure to consider the units of a study would imply that the researcher does not understand the exact parameters being applied. How generalizable are the results? The generalizability of results is another aspect that is evident in studies that sound ‘too obvious (Pearl & Bareinboim, 2019).’ I would ask myself about the generalizability of the results as it would help me to assess whether or not the article is useful enough for me to make different inferences from the study topic. The article by Griffiths et al. does not have generalizable results as the results are full of details to describe the outcome of the study. References Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487. Pearl, J., & Bareinboim, E. (2019). Note on ‘‘Generalizability of Study Results ‘‘. Epidemiology, 30(2), 186-188. Alternative Expert Answer Artificial Neural Networks The article by Nina Shahid, Tim Rappon and Whitney Berta is about, “Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Health Care Organizational Decision-Making: A Scoping Review.” According to the article, the healthcare industry is gradually evolving towards a patient-centered model of care delivery and, at the same time advocating for value-based practices (Shahid, Rappon, & Berta, 2019). Artificial neural networks (ANN) are essential in health care organizational decision-making through leveraging machine-learning techniques. With the advent of technology, healthcare facilities are increasingly adopting the use of ANN to inform health care decisions. Artificial intelligence is at the center of technology and potential future of technology as it holds the potential to offer health care delivery that is not only appropriate but also cost-effective. With the increased uptake of artificial intelligence in the healthcare industry, different health care management problems can be addressed (Shahid, Rappon, & Berta, 2019). To address the AI applications in healthcare, the research paper makes use of different research questions and sampling methods to collect data for analysis. The research paper makes use of the Arksey & O’Malley framework of 2005 to come up with the sampling methods used in the paper. The topic can be related to different multi-disciplinary subjects, and the frameworks used to identify the sampling methods identifies literature related to healthcare but from different databases. This method is effective as it is able to distinguish materials that
[ANSWERED 2023] Patient HM has a history of atrial fibrillation and a transient ischemic attack (TIA). The patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension
Patient HM has a history of atrial fibrillation and a transient ischemic attack (TIA). The patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension Select one the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior factors. Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide an alternative treatment option for the patient. Write a 2- to 3- page paper that addresses the following: Patient HM has a history of atrial fibrillation and a transient ischemic attack (TIA). The patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease. Drugs currently prescribed include the following: Warfarin 5 mg daily MWF and 2.5 mg daily T, TH, Sat, Sun Aspirin 81 mg daily Metformin 1000 mg po bid Glyburide 10 mg bid Atenolol 100 mg po daily Motrin 200 mg 1–3 tablets every 6 hours as needed for pain Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned. Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples. Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements. Expert Answer and Explanation The presence of multiple disorders in patients is a chief contributor to lower quality of life, longer hospital stays, hospital admissions, and the loss of physical functioning. Most patients who have more than one chronic disease can also become victims of the severe effects polypharmacy, which can also affect their ability to take some of the recommended drugs (Mery, 2018). In the case of patient HM, who has hyperlipidemia, ischemic disease, hypertension, and diabetes and also a history of Transiet Ischemic Attack (TIA) and artrial fibrillation, there are multiple changes in the drug processes that can help him achieve a smooth recovery process despite the presence of influential factors such as age. How the Selected Factor has an Influence on the Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Processes of Patient Age is a significant factor that may influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic processes showed by patient HM. Specifically, patients who are at least 65 years may have a relatively slower reaction to drugs as their body cells have a higher death rate compared to the ‘birth’ rate, which largely influences the processes of drug absorption, drug metabolism, excretion, and distribution (Mercy, 2018). Ageing patients also have decreased body water, decreased lean body mass, higher levels of body fat, among other body compositions that make them relatively unhealthy compared to their younger counterparts (Shen Lu & Hughes, 2018). These factors are among the key contributors of lower organ functions among the older individuals. Some of the vital organs of the body such as the brain, lungs, kidney, and the heart may also be affected by this gradually decreasing organ function, causing abstract changes in wellness. Regarding the uptake of drugs, the liver is involved in the metabolism of all the drugs taken by mouth, and hence its malfunction may cause a defective uptake across the body (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Hence, the factor of age is a significant influence on the various pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics processes of the patient. How Changes in the Processes may Impact the Recommended Therapy of the Patient If the process changes may lead to the defective function of the liver, the physician may have to revise the entire therapy plan of the patient to avoid including in the plan any drug that is taken orally. This is because all oral drugs cannot bypass the metabolism in the liver unless they are taken in the form that makes it easy to reach the target organs. For such cases, the patient may have to adopt i.v. and i.m. therapy where the drugs are delivered directly to the blood vessels and muscles respectively, making the bioavailability 100% (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Also, the fact that the patient could develop resistance to some of the drugs such as metformin may require them to be given other alternatives that would enhance the action of metformin (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Similarly, the patient may have to cut on the usage of warfarin as it is known to cause joint pains and discomfort to patients who are older than 65 (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021). Lastly, since artenolol may be associated with kidney problems in older patients, the patient may have to reduce its dosage or find other suitable alternatives. Improving the Patient’s Drug Therapy Plan Increase the dosage of sum drugs such as metformin from its current dosage to 2500 mg po bid so as to improve its bioavalaility and hence its level of utilization by the patient (Wang et al., 2017). Decrease the Ibuprofen levels to 200mg bid Change Glyburide 10mg bid dosage to Byetta while monitoring symptoms Replace warfarin with Tylenol so as to reduce the chances of joint pain Only take aspirin when patient is anaemic Decrease atenolol levels to 50mg po daily so as to prevent the occurrence of kidney challenges. The dosage could also be titrated by 25mg monthly while monitoring the adverse effects but should not exceed 200mg. Conclusion The factor of age can affect the wellness of the patient in that it influences the utilization of drugs in multiple ways. Among the common ways in which age affects the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics processes is the fact that some drugs such as atenolol, when taken by ageing patients can increase their susceptibility to joint problems. Ageing patients could also be victims of polypharmacy’s negative effects as they are often involved in treatment with multiple disorders. They could also experience other higher challenges such as neglect from family members.
[ANSWERED 2023] Briefly describe your chosen company. Identify potential problems or issues (current or future) that your company might address if followers do not respectfully adhere to the demands of their leaders.
Briefly describe your chosen company. Identify potential problems or issues (current or future) that your company might address if followers do not respectfully adhere to the demands of their leaders. Leaders in organizations commonly supervise a number of subordinates who may also be referred to as their followers. Using the CSU Online Library, explore topics associated with leadership behavior, followership behavior, and how followers are affected by leadership. Then, select a company that is of interest to you, and respond to the following questions/topics. Briefly describe your chosen company. Identify potential problems or issues (current or future) that your company might address if followers do not respectfully adhere to the demands of their leaders. Explain how followers can influence the behavior of leaders. Analyze how different types of leadership styles can affect the motivations, behaviors, and performances of followers. What might this company do in the future to improve leadership training methods and performance measures for all workers? Include your rationale. Your APA-formatted response must be a minimum of two pages in length (not including the title page and the references page) and must include an introduction, a thesis statement (concise summary of the main point of the paper), and a clear discussion of the topics above. Your response must include a minimum of two credible references. All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations. Expert Answer and Explanation Leaders and Followers’ Roles For an organization, having motivated staff can lead to the increase in the productivity, and reduce the turnover rates. A leader’s role is crucial when it comes to improve motivation among workers, and for the leader, validating employees’ work and efforts, can help motivate workers. However, the behaviors which a leader adopts or displays can affect this motivation. Surprisingly, employees play an important role in influencing the leader’s behavior, and this therefore underscores the need for the followers to positively contribute to shaping the behavior of their leader (Steinmann, Klug, & Maier, 2018). It is imperative to examine Amazon Company, describe the leader-employee conflict as a potential issue in the organization, and assess the way followers can impact the leader’s behavior. Company Description Amazon majors in selling products online, and it operates as a marketplace where individuals or businesses can sale various products. It tops the online retain industry, and it is worth $1.7 trillion. The company initially started as an online bookstore in 1994, and expanded over the years, and currently, it sales and ships electronics, among other products. The company has a history of leveraging technology to grow, and currently, it provides services such as Artificial Intelligence solutions. It equally provides a platform for cloud computing, and generates revenue by providing the platform where businesses, or sport companies can live-stream games or ongoing business programs or meetings. The Potential Issues which the Company should address While Amazon has managed to sustain expanded growth, it is not immune to the challenges such as leader-employee wrangles which occur because of the worker refusing to adhere to the leaders’ demands. This particular issue poses a threat to the company because it can hamper the efforts focused on improving the company’s productivity and performance. To address this issue, the company will need to encourage the leader to maintain boundaries, and create a work environment that encourages workers to share their concerns or views regarding organization’s procedures (Peyton, Zigarmi, & Fowler, 2019). Role of Followers in influencing Leaders’ Behaviors The followers’ role is important in shaping the behaviors of their leader. For the followers, giving a leader feedback can help the latter know whether they are doing certain things right. The feedback from these employees can also help a leader determine whether they need to change their behavior so that they can relate well with their followers. As a follower, an employee may shape how their leader behaves in terms of how they relate with the leader (Sfantou et al., 2017). When a follower demonstrates traits such as trust and honesty, a leader can emulate such an employee. Impact of the Different Leadership Styles The style a leader adopts can help motivate employees, influence their behaviors as well as performance. With servant leadership, for instance, a leader becomes more focused in mentoring others, and demonstrating to their followers how they can approach certain organizational issues. This help build a well-behaved and motivate team of workers who can perform better. With authoritarian leadership, however, this may lead to workers forcing their views on others. This may further lead to less motivation, and reduced level of performance (Belrhiti et al., 2020). The Changes needed for the Company to improve Leadership Training For the company to optimize the outcomes of the leadership training, and performance, it will need to involve workers in all aspects of the training operations. By doing this, these workers will provide input, and views on the best method for training. Conclusion In conclusion, followers should make efforts to shape the way their leaders think and behave, and they can do this by providing feedback, and building positive relationships with their leaders. In Amazon, the failure of the employees to comply with what their leader’s command can jeopardize the efforts focused on improving performance. Thus, the firm’s workers should support the leader, and adopt desirable practices which motivate their leader. References Belrhiti, Z., Van Damme, W., Belalia, A., & Marchal, B. (2020). Unravelling the role of leadership in motivation of health workers in a Moroccan public hospital: a realist evaluation. BMJ open, 10(1), e031160. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031160. Peyton, T., Zigarmi, D., & Fowler, S. N. (2019). Examining the Relationship Between Leaders’ Power Use, Followers’ Motivational Outlooks, and Followers’ Work Intentions. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2620. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02620. Sfantou, D. F., Laliotis, A., Patelarou, A. E., Sifaki-Pistolla, D., Matalliotakis, M., & Patelarou, E. (2017). Importance of Leadership Style towards Quality of Care Measures in Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 5(4), 73.Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5040073. Steinmann, B., Klug, H., & Maier, G. W. (2018). The Path Is the Goal: How Transformational Leaders Enhance Followers’
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5 Best Las Vegas Casinos: Comprehensive Guid
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[ANSWERED 2023] Develop a business case for the economic initiative you proposed in Assessment 1. Examine the feasibility and cost-benefit considerations
Develop a business case for the economic initiative you proposed in Assessment 1. Examine the feasibility and cost-benefit considerations Assessment 2/6008 Developing a Business Case Develop a 4–7-page business case for the initiative you proposed in Assessment 1. Examine feasibility and cost-benefit considerations over a 5-year period, analyze ways to mitigate risks, and complete a cost-benefit analysis. Note: Each assessment in this course builds upon the work you have completed in previous assessments. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in the order in which they are presented. Assessment Instructions Develop a business case for the economic initiative you proposed in Assessment 1. Examine the feasibility and cost-benefit considerations of implementing your proposed initiative over the next five years. Analyze ways to mitigate risks and complete a cost-benefit analysis. Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft business case to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback. Requirements The requirements for your business case, outlined below, correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, be sure to note the requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence. Analyze the potential economic opportunities and risks associated with your proposed initiative. How do the potential opportunities benefit your organization or care setting? How could potential risks pose a threat to the financial security of your organization or care setting? How do the potential economic opportunities compare to the potential economic risks? Propose ethical and culturally sensitive solutions that address the risks associated with your initiative to the future economic security of your organization or care setting. Which risks are potentially the most significant for your organization or care setting? How could you modify your proposed initiative to mitigate those risks? How have other organizations and experts in the field dealt with similar risks? How do ethics and equality factor into your proposed solutions? Are your solutions unfairly burdening or disadvantaging any specific groups? How will this proposal affect community health care delivery outcomes? What makes this a great opportunity for economic growth? What potential issues should be considered? Analyze the economic costs and benefits of your proposed initiative over a five-year period. Use the Cost-Benefit Analysis Template [XLSX]for your calculations. Add the worksheet to your business case as an appendix. Does your analysis warn against specific aspects of your proposed initiative? How would you recommend that your findings be incorporated into decisions about the feasibility of your proposed initiative? Propose ethical and culturally equitable ways of keeping costs under control, while maximizing the benefits of your initiative. What costs are you most likely to be able to control or reduce? How would you go about ensuring this? How could controlling or reducing these costs affect the benefits of your proposed initiative? What strategies could you employ to maintain or maximize these benefits, while controlling or reducing costs? How do you plan to ensure that any cost controls or benefit reductions are ethical and equitable? Justify the relevance and significance of the quantitative and qualitative economic, financial, and scholarly evidence you used to support your business case. This criterion applies to any evidence you cited throughout your business case. Your evidence should be persuasive and relevant to your findings, proposals, and recommendations. Consider one or more of the following questions when citing support evidence: How is the evidence relevant to your organization or care setting? How is the evidence relevant to your proposed economic initiative? How does the evidence illustrate a solution that has been successful in the past? How does the evidence illustrate that an initiative or solution is likely to be a net benefit to the organization or care setting? Write concisely and directly, using active voice. Proofread your document before you submit it to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your business case. Apply current APA formatting to in-text citations and references. Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like: Assessment 2 Example [PDF]. 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[ANSWERED 2023] Why should program evaluation be used for public health and not-for-profit institutions in the development of adaptive strategies?
Why should program evaluation be used for public health and not-for-profit institutions in the development of adaptive strategies? Assignment: Exercises: Why should program evaluation be used for public health and not-for-profit institutions in the development of adaptive strategies? Explain the strategic position and action evaluation (SPACE) matrix. How may adaptive strategic alternatives be developed using SPACE? Professional Development: Case Study #8: “Dr. Louis Mickael: The Physician as Strategic Manager” Develop an environmental assessment and an internal capabilities analysis using decision support tools that have been introduced in this module (such as PLC analysis, BCG portfolio analysis, SPACE analysis and so on). Analyze alternative strategies to include pros and cons of each alternative, then conclude with a recommended strategy and brief implementation plan. Expert Answer and Explanation Strategic Alternatives Program Evaluation According to Ginter et al. (2013), program evaluation is a strategic analysis technique used mainly by public and not-for-profit organizations to assess their programs and develop strategic alternatives in cases where gaining a competitive edge or market share is not relevant. In most cases, the other tools for developing strategic alternatives, such as SWOT analysis, an organization is usually compared with other competing firms or products. However, in program evaluation, the analysis is mainly used for internal and external assessment to evaluate whether the various programs are meeting the mission and vision of the organization (Strang, 2018). Other than that, program evaluation is useful in identifying whether the resources allocated to the various programs are sufficient to fulfill the strategic goals of the organization. In program evaluation, a needs assessment is also conducted to ensure that both public and not-for-profit organizations meet the needs of the communities they are supposed to serve and to identify the best strategic alternatives to fulfill those needs. SPACE Matrix A strategic position and action evaluation matrix, also known by the acronym SPACE matrix is a decision support tool that can be used to formulate strategic alternatives (Ginter et al., 2013). The tool expands on the BCG analysis to develop an appropriate strategic profile of the organization. The SPACE matrix uses graphical charts to depict how strategic alternatives can be applied based on various organizational factors (Ginter et al., 2013). Using the SPACE matrix, adaptive strategic alternatives can be developed by assessing the environmental stability, the competitive position of the organization, the financial and service category strength, after which an examination of the most appropriate adaptive strategic alternative can be done. Professional Development One of the challenging aspects of operating an organization is coming up with effective strategies that can assist the organization to navigate the changing business environment mired with stiff competition For organizations to remain relevant, they have to assess both their internal and external environment, evaluating their strengths and opportunities for growth, eliminating their threats and working on their weaknesses. This paper will develop an environmental assessment using the case study dubbed: “Dr. Louis Mickael: The Physician as Strategic Manager.” Various decision support tools will be used to assess the strategic positioning of Dr. Louis Mickael amidst the changing business environment. Environmental Assessment and an Internal Capabilities Analysis of the Business SWOT Analysis Using the SWOT analysis tool, there are several internal strengths that were observed in Dr. Lou’s practice. One of the strengths was a good reputation with his clients which enabled the business to have a strong footing within the market space. According to Ginter et al. (2013), a healthy business-client relationship is one of the strengths that can act as a stable foothold in maintaining strategic advantage, and this can be seen by the over 800 patients served by the facility which was fairly higher in comparison to other individual practices. The aspect of a good client relationship can be attributed to the skilled employees Dr. Lou had employed, who had a good rapport with the clients served in the practice. Dr. Lou also invested some finances, though on a need to basis to enhance the skills and competencies of personnel to deliver better services, and also the application of technology that was relevant at the onset of the business, which acted as a strategic tool in gaining a competitive edge (Aithal, 2019). Another strength was the fact that Dr. Lou’s practice was linked with most of the third-party payors, which meant that patients served in the facility had a relatively easy time to process their payments. Concerning opportunities, the growing market was one of the considerable opportunities that Dr. Louis’s practice could capitalize on. While at the onset of the business, Dr. Lou’s main client base consisted of mainly young clients, but with the rapidly expanding populations with new businesses being developed, means that there are substantially more types of market bases that could be tapped. The development of a university within the business neighborhood also meant that there is an opportunity to capitalize on a joint venture that will provide residence to the young upcoming physicians and office assistants, thus increasing the number of patients tended to, and at the same time, save on some of the work and staff expenses encountered in Dr. Lou’s practice. Some of the weaknesses that were observed include low financial strength, which is an issue that affected Dr. Lou’s ability to expand and acclimatize to the changing business environment. It can be seen from the financial reports that indicated the firm had yet to have a stable footing in terms of the asset base and the profits generated which could be used to improve the firm’s operations. However, it can be established that the financial strength was steadily improving. This made Dr. Lou have less than enough time to serve his patients. Another weakness was that the technology he was using was outdated as compared to what the competitors were using. Healthcare information technology is a major component that an organization should possess to improve the efficiency of its services, such as processing of client reimbursements (Aithal, 2019). The size of Dr. Lou’s practice was also considered a weakness. This can
[ANSWERED 2023] Choose one organization from your research that has recently responded to major change, or is currently responding to change
Choose one organization from your research that has recently responded to major change, or is currently responding to change. Write a paper (1,250-1,500 words) discussing how well the organization In today’s fast-paced and global community, most organizations are faced with constant change. Research contemporary organizations that are currently responding to a significant change within the industry, (preferably an organization in healthcare)such as disruptive technology; state, government, or industry regulations; environmental constraints; judicial or legislative rulings; etc. Choose one organization from your research that has recently responded to major change, or is currently responding to change. Write a paper (1,250-1,500 words) discussing how well the organization is responding to the change dynamics. Include the following: 1. Describe the organization and the change to which it is responding. 2. Discuss the degree to which the change has been disruptive and how the organization has responded to the dynamics created by this change. 3. Evaluate the strategies the organization used in its change plan and determine the level of success the organization experienced with the strategies. 4. Determine the effect the change had on stakeholders, and to what degree stakeholders have resisted. Assess how well stakeholder resistance was addressed. 5. Evaluate the overall implications the change had on interdepartmental collaboration. 6. In your opinion, how well did the leaders of the organization respond and prepare for the change? What worked and what did not work with the strategies they implemented? 7. What modifications would you suggest the leaders of the organization make in order to better address the change dynamics? What additional strategies would you recommend to assist the organization through this change? Expert Answer and Explanation GM’s Response to Change Organizations focus on performing, and even when change occurs, these organizations have to adapt to these changes so that that they can manage to realize performance objectives. Change may occur in response to various triggers including the advancement of the technology, increased government control on business activities, and environmental issues. The internet has brought with it several opportunities, and currently, people can remotely sale their products, and while some businesses feel the benefits of these technologies, others seem to see them as threats to their operations (Yeoh, 2017). The Motor vehicle industry is feeling the effect of technological disruptions, and this explains the reason why some of the major players in the industry are shifting to the digitization of the motor vehicles. General Motors (GM) is among the firms feeling this disruption, and it is imperative to examine degree and implications of this change, and further explore the change response measures the organization’s leadership took. The Organization’s Description GM ranks as one of the major players in the motor vehicle manufacturing sector, and is among the best performing firms in the United States (U.S.). The firm began operating in 1908 in Miami, does not only make automobiles, but it designs and sales vehicles and vehicles’ spare parts. Besides, the organization runs a program dubbed GM Financial Company, Inc. in which it offers financial services, and this is one of the different ways in which the firm diversifies its operations. Currently, the company produces green energy, and this is part of the GM’s goal to fully rely on the clean energy for its electricity. However, the fourth industrial revolution is putting pressure on the company to produce digitized cars as part of the shift towards driverless and interconnected cars (CNN Business, 2020). Recently, the company committed to investing $3 billion in the production of the driverless electric-powered trucks, and this is part of the strategy the company responds to the changing technological space. The Degree of Disruption of the Change The fourth industrial revolution is increasing the digitization of the production processes and the service delivery systems, and currently, the world is shifting towards the interconnection of the devices. The cloud computing technology is contributing to this revolution given that it provides the platform for remote connectivity of the devices so that these devices and computer systems communicate over a single platform. The use of the artificial intelligence to drive industrial operations is becoming the new norm, and the emphasis on the shift towards smart cities is growing. Driving and communicating in these cities will require the change in the type of transport systems (Alessandra, Scarpato, & Brilli, 2018). GM will need to scale up the production of the autonomous vehicles so that it would compete effectively within the changing global care market. This means that the degree of disruption of the GM activities by the emerging digital technologies is considerably high, and the firm will need to adapt to this change for it to retain its position as a global player in the motor vehicle manufacturing business. GM is making efforts to adapt to the disruption stemming from the advanced digitization space. The firm is working on the production of the autonomous vehicles as part of the measures of moving towards the production of the self-driven cars. Already, the GM has a prototypes of trucks which it recently tested, and are working well. The Chevy’s Electric Pickup is one of these prototypes, and the firm expects to unveil it by the team it within a span of five years. The GM’s response to the contemporary industrial revolution is also noticeable in the design of the vehicles which one can remotely lock and unlock, and which come with advanced and biometric-enabled security capabilities. The Change Plan Strategies The GM, while responding to the change, used a strategic plan. Based on this plan, the organization recruited experts in Information and Technology (IT) systems to come up with the design, and participate in developing the prototypes of the new autonomous vehicles which embed systems that support cloud computing. GM also allocated resources for this purpose, and it set aside $3 billion investment to help with the production of the autonomous trucks. The GM has a culture of involving employees in making decisions on matters pertaining to the design and development of the new products.
[ANSWERED 2023] You work at a small community-based hospital as a manager in the quality assurance department. One function of your job is to analyze internal data such as medical records
You work at a small community-based hospital as a manager in the quality assurance department. One function of your job is to analyze internal data such as medical records, patient surveys [ANSWERED 2023] You work at a small community-based hospital as a manager in the quality assurance department. One function of your job is to analyze internal data such as medical records. You work at a small community-based hospital as a manager in the quality assurance department. One function of your job is to analyze internal data such as medical records, patient surveys, and incident reports to track trends and help improve patient care delivery. Your supervisor just came back from a seminar on quality benchmarking and has asked about your thoughts on analyzing secondary data from the health care industry as a way to benchmark and measure the organization’s quality performance against its peers. You have been asked to prepare a report on the use of both secondary data and internal data as way to improve quality in your organization. Complete the following: Write a paper comparing and contrasting the collection of secondary data and their uses versus the analysis of current health care records and internal data such as incident reports and patient surveys. Explain how health care organizations use secondary data as a comparison to internal data. Assess the validity and reliability of primary and secondary data in conducting health care research. >expert answer Expert Answer and Explanation Healthcare Information System Management Benchmarking is one of the recent healthcare trends that is being accepted across many care continuums, where hospitals and departments analyze their competitors so as to find a ground for improvement. Similarly, hospital managers work hard to assess internal data and operations and to try to achieve improvement using these analyses. Small community-based facility Some experts refer to the process as internal benchmarking, as the facilities seek to improve their operations against their own set internal standards (Feibert, Andersen, & Jacobsen, 2019). In the analyses of my small community-based facility where my supervisor arrives from a seminar on quality benchmarking, there are several ideas I would help him understand about the use of secondary data to measure the performance of the organization against its peers. Both benchmarking and internal analyses are important in organizational growth and healthcare managers should focus in the specific strengths of these strategies to efficiently integrate them in healthcare. Contrasting Secondary Data and Uses with Internal Data and Current Healthcare Records Benchmarking as a way to set the Quality Standards Competitive benchmarking involves analyzing the processes of another organization and comparing its operations, goals, and standards with its own. For most small healthcare facilities, it is not easy to achieve growth without comparing their operations with larger and better-performing organizations (Buckmaster & Mouritsen, 2017). In some of the cases, people in small organizations believe that they are performing efficiently until they perform such benchmarking operations and realize that their peers have set higher standards in care which should be targets for their achievement. A good example is comparing the wait times that patient have in emergency rooms with those of other emergency rooms in different facilities. In the case where other organizations have generally smaller amounts of time spent in the ER waiting rooms, healthcare givers can borrow information such as the individual elements that help in reducing the wait time. This could be possibly factors that are present among the staff members such as their ability to be more focused in serving patients or other factors in the system such as the presence of better infrastructure to help serve the patients faster (Gonzalez, 2019). A collection of this kind of data helps the organization to drive the different ways in which they can set improvement strategies internally. Facility understands This way, the facility understands the threshold of different elements and standardizes them to be the target-setters in the organizations. Internal Healthcare Data Helps in Individualized Improvement While external benchmarking drives the achievement of different societal standards in healthcare, internal healthcare is useful in guiding healthcare managers to perform specific improvement of certain procedures (Purushotham et al., 2018). This is especially the case when a facility is known to have its own principles or strategies of operation which it believes to be effective. A good example of how internal healthcare data helps in individualized improvement in a healthcare firm is when the facility chooses to break down nursing shifts in unique timelines to try and solve the problem of staff fatigue and burnout. The problem may be specific for the firm, where its peers do not face the same difficulty, and hence utilizing a technique that is specific to the organization could be the most rational decision in driving improvement in the healthcare facility. Internal data that can be collected to aid in individualized improvement include patient records, administrative data, and healthcare giver reports. Healthcare Organizations Usage of Secondary Data as a Comparison to Internal Data Compare internal data elements Both secondary and internal data is crucial in organizational development and should be integrated into care facilities in a systematic way. One of the ways in which healthcare organizations use secondary data to compare internal data elements is assessing the societal standards by assessing performance among its peers. It would be useless to perform such analyses without comparison to internal data as it would lead to exaggerations or misplacement of the levels of action by the individual organizations. Among the advantages of integrating external benchmarking data in the facilities is the fact that it helps the healthcare providers to realize the value of the existing resources and how they can use them to achieve organizational growth. Very often, healthcare managers do not realize that they are endowed with numerous resources and that they have no reason to fail in the delivery of proper patient care. Unfortunately, problems in organizations make them believe that the organization is insufficient in driving the achievement of various goals of care. A close analysis of what their peers do to achieve the organizational standards they are in could serve a long way in opening their eyes to the resource endowment that is present in the organization. For example, in some of the healthcare organizations, there are no special operation officers