[SOLVED 2023] Select either the PCN Framework or the Chamberlain Care Model. Consider how the following components would be included in an analysis of the
Select either the PCN Framework or the Chamberlain Care Model Select either the PCN Framework or the Chamberlain Care Model [SOLVED 2023] Select either the PCN Framework or the Chamberlain Care Model. Consider how the following components would be included in an analysis of the. Select either the PCN Framework or the Chamberlain Care Model. Consider how the following components would be included in an analysis of the selected model: Origin of the model Meaning of the model Logical adequacy of the model Usefulness of the model Generalizability of the model Degree of parsimony within the model Testability of the model What rationale can you provide which validates the selected model as a theoretical framework for nursing practice? Be sure to include scholarly references to support your discussion. Expert Answer and Explanation Patient-Centered Nursing Framework Person-centered nursing (PCN) is a genuine and holistic healthcare approach that assists individuals to manage their health according to their preference. The responsible caregivers respond to patients’ weaknesses, conditions, behavior, and health issues which may have a high impact on their lifelong well-being. Patient-centered care has proven to have a positive outcome to the patients and nurses, on the other hand, attain a level of satisfaction out of their work (Li & Porock, 2014) Origin of the model Carl Rogers also referred to as “father of psychotherapy research” commence the idea of PCN. The subsequent development of the PCN approach happened in his career where he practiced as a clinical child psychologist in 1930s. He stressed on individual experience as the fountain healing and living effectively (Fazio, Pace, Flinner, & Kallymer, 2018). Meaning of the model PCN centers on a person’s needs rather than the needs of the service. Person-centered means nurses prioritize an individual’s comfort, welfare, and safety. Besides, person-centered care tries to identify a person’s health, spiritual and emotional needs. Spiritual care does not mean only religious beliefs but also implies on self-expression, relationships, and moral obligations. The holistic approach of PCN is built in personhood philosophy. PCN encourage commitment, empowerment, and independence of health care delivery (Fazio et al.,2018). Logical adequacy of the model Different studies have been conducted on the interpretation and improvement of the framework concept. In day to day practice, nurses and other care providers exhibit a clear need for hands-on knowledge of how to offer the best care. Furthermore, there is a need to understand how to provide best-centered care when faced with workload and time-pressure. Nonetheless, even though there is a rise in awareness, it is not crystal clear of how patient-centered care should be done. Therefore, the chances are that the concept may end up not being sufficiently active just as it was decades before (Cingel et al.,2016). Usefulness of the model Through empowerment and collaboration with patients, health institution and communities, the healthcare structure will be able to stipulate the right programs that meet individuals’ needs. Besides, the collaboration between the healthcare system and the communities will go an extra mile in continuity and coordination of health care (Santana et al. Generalizability of the model PCN approach is designed to make the individual an essential aspect in the treatment process. The approach should be much flexible to address the client’s health requirements regardless of the culture. The healthcare system that supports multi-cultural patients builds up trust and eventually positive results. It is evident that PCN has been successful in more than thirty countries speaking more than twelve different languages. Also, Joseph and Murphy (2012) suggested a linked PCN model that support the professional interaction with clients and the addition of interventions and measures that build up the healthcare policies. Degree of parsimony within the model A person-centered model is focused on promoting access to health care while at the same time reduces the costs. PCN has the potential of utilizing the healthcare services, lessen hospital admissions, and lower mortality and morbidity (Santana et al.,2018). Testability of the model A few studies have surveyed PCN patient’s opinion. Sharp, McAllister, and Broadbent (2015) interviewed ten patients to understand their experience with PCN. Results show that the care provided led to the emotional, personal and spiritual response that translated to a positive outlook and patient awareness. What rationale can you provide which validates the selected model as a theoretical framework for nursing practice? Be sure to include scholarly references to support your discussion. The PCN Model has led to support of delivery and efficient services across the healthcare systems. The newly structured patient-informed and evidence-based framework has led to the addition of essential factors that have been integrated into the PCN model. The best practice that has been established from the model has been linked to the health care system and healthcare providers. Santana (et al., 2018), highlights that the PCN framework has been generalized and implemented to different health care systems. References Cingel, M., Brandsma, L. Dam, M. Dorst, M. Verkaart, C., & Velde, C. (2016). Concepts of person-centered care: A framework analysis of five studies in daily care practice. International Practice Development Journal, 6(2), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.19043/ipdj.62.006 Fazio, S., Pace, D., Flinner, J., & Kallmyer, B. (2018). The fundamentals of person-centered care for individuals with dementia. The Gerontologist, 58(1), S10–S19. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx122. Joseph, S., & Murphy, D. (2012). Person-centered approach, positive psychology, and relational helping: building bridges. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 53(1), 26-51. doi:10.1177/0022167812436426. Li, J., & Porock, D. (2014). Resident outcomes of person-centered care in long-term care: a narrative review of interventional research. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(10), 1395-1415. Santana, M. J., Manalili, K., Jolley, R. J., Zelinsky, S., & Lu, M. (2018). How to practice person-centered care: A conceptual framework. Health Expectations, 21(2), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12640 Sharp, S., McAllister, M., & Broadbent, M. (2015). The vital blend of clinical competence and compassion: How patients experience person-centered care. Journal of Contemporary Nurse, 52(2), 300-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2015.1020981. Place your order now on a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers. Other Solved Questions: SOLVED!! This plan should be in narrative form with a minimum
[ANSWERED 2023] An 83-year-old resident of a skilled nursing facility presents to the emergency department with generalized edema of extremities and abdomen. History obtained from staff reveals the patient has history
An 83-year-old resident of a skilled nursing facility presents to the emergency department with generalized edema of extremities and abdomen. Discussion: Alterations in Cellular Processes At its core, pathology is the study of disease. Diseases occur for many reasons. But some, such as cystic fibrosis and Parkinson’s Disease, occur because of alterations that prevent cells from functioning normally. Understanding of signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN), this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. For this Discussion, you examine a case study and explain the disease that is suggested. You examine the symptoms reported and explain the cells that are involved and potential alterations and impacts. To prepare: By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific scenario for this Discussion. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor. Scenario: An 83-year-old resident of a skilled nursing facility presents to the emergency department with generalized edema of extremities and abdomen. History obtained from staff reveals the patient has history of malabsorption syndrome and difficulty eating due to lack of dentures. The patient has been diagnosed with protein malnutrition By Day 3 of Week 1 Post an explanation of the disease highlighted in the scenario you were provided. Include the following in your explanation: The role genetics plays in the disease. Why the patient is presenting with the specific symptoms described. The physiologic response to the stimulus presented in the scenario and why you think this response occurred. The cells that are involved in this process. How another characteristic (e.g., gender, genetics) would change your response. Expert Answer and Explanation Protein Malnutrition Disease and Physiological Response Role of Genetics An individual may develop protein malnutrition because of a wide spectrum of factors including their gene structure. Genetics particularly can cause one to develop the disease considering that it influences people’s preferences for certain types of food. This means that depending on one’s genetic composition, one may not like certain foods, and this may cause a scenario in which they only take food rich in non-protein nutrients (McCance & Huether, 2019). This may ultimately cause the deficiency of these nutrients. Reason for the Symptoms Based on the case study, the patient has a generalized edema, and there is a possible explanation for this. The albumen protein performs the role of holding salts as well as water. This protein can be found in the blood vessels, and when it is available in short supply, the fluid leak into tissues. Accordingly, this causes one’s abdomen to swell (Coulthard, 2015). The swelling of the extremities can also result from the leakage (McCance & Huether, 2019). Considering the problem with the patient’s dentures, this could be a possible reason for his ill health. Physiological response The patient responds physiologically to the stimuli. Due to the decline in the blood’s protein, it becomes difficult for the absorption of the salts and water to occur. In response to this, the patient experiences loss of energy and loss of muscle mass. It is due to the decline in the level of this protein that the patient’s muscle mass reduce (Semba, 2016). Cells for the Physiological Response The endothelial cells are responsible for the physiological response which occur in the patient. These cells are important when it comes to the absorption of salts and water. Their role in the regulation of these substances explains why they are important in this response. Other Factors Age is a key element that can raise one’s risk of developing the illness. References Coulthard M. G. (2015). Oedema in kwashiorkor is caused by hypoalbuminaemia. Paediatrics and international child health, 35(2), 83–89. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1179/2046905514Y.0000000154. McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier. Semba R. D. (2016). The Rise and Fall of Protein Malnutrition in Global Health. Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 69(2), 79–88.Doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000449175. Place your order now for a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Use Coupon Code: NEW30 to Get 30% OFF Your First Order Other Answered Questions: SOLVED! Describe the difference between a nursing practice SOLVED! Discuss how elimination complexities can affect SOLVED!! Research legislation that has occurred within the last 5 years at the state or federal level as a result of nurse advocacy SOLVED! In this assignment you will propose a quality ANSWERED!! Mrs. Allen is a 68-year-old African American who presents to the clinic for prescription refills. The patient indicates that she has noticed shortness of breath which started about 3 months ago a nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute respiratory failure Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It is caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which produces a defective protein that disrupts the normal function of cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. CF affects about 30,000 people in the United States and 70,000 worldwide. The disease is most common in people of European descent, but it can affect people of all ethnicities. CF is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means that a child must inherit a copy of the defective gene from both parents to develop the disease. The symptoms of CF can vary widely, but they typically involve the lungs and digestive system. People with CF often experience chronic cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and recurrent lung infections, which can lead to lung damage and respiratory failure over time. They may also have difficulty digesting food, leading to malnutrition and poor growth. Other symptoms may include salty-tasting skin, infertility in men, and delayed puberty in girls. There is currently no cure for CF, but treatments can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment typically involves a combination of medications, airway clearance techniques, and nutritional therapy. In severe cases, a lung transplant may be necessary. Research into CF has led to significant advances in understanding the disease
[ANSWERED 2023] Lily is a 20-year-old student at the local community college. When some of her friends and classmates told her about an outbreak of flu-like symptoms sweeping her campus during the past 2 weeks,
Lily is a 20-year-old student at the local community college. When some of her friends and classmates told her about an outbreak of flu-like symptoms sweeping Lily is a 20-year-old student at the local community college. When some of her friends Assignment 1: Case Study Assignment: Assessing the Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat CASE STUDY 2: Focused Throat Exam Lily is a 20-year-old student at the local community college. When some of her friends and classmates told her about an outbreak of flu-like symptoms sweeping her campus during the past 2 weeks, Lily figured she shouldn’t take her 3-day sore throat lightly. Your clinic has treated a few cases similar to Lily’s. All the patients reported decreased appetite, headaches, and pain with swallowing. As Lily recounts these symptoms to you, you notice that she has a runny nose and a slight hoarseness in her voice but doesn’t sound congested. To Prepare By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor. Also, your Case Study Assignment should be in the Episodic/Focused SOAP Note format rather than the traditional narrative style format. Refer to Chapter 2 of the Sullivan text and the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template in the Week 5 Learning Resources for guidance. Remember that all Episodic/Focused SOAP Notes have specific data included in every patient case. With regard to the case study you were assigned: Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide. Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient. Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis? Identify at least five possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient. The Assignment Use the Episodic/Focused SOAP Template and create an episodic/focused note about the patient in the case study to which you were assigned using the episodic/focused note template provided in the Week 5 resources. Provide evidence from the literature to support diagnostic tests that would be appropriate for each case. List five different possible conditions for the patient’s differential diagnosis and justify why you selected each. Episodic/Focused SOAP Note Template – (delete information on this template and input one related to the patient in the case study above). Patient Information: Initials, Age, Sex, Race S. CC (chief complaint) a BRIEF statement identifying why the patient is here – in the patient’s own words – for instance “headache”, NOT “bad headache for 3 days”. HPI: This is the symptom analysis section of your note. Thorough documentation in this section is essential for patient care, coding, and billing analysis. Paint a picture of what is wrong with the patient. Use LOCATES Mnemonic to complete your HPI. You need to start EVERY HPI with age, race, and gender (e.g., 34-year-old AA male). You must include the seven attributes of each principal symptom in paragraph form not a list. If the CC was “headache”, the LOCATES for the HPI might look like the following example: Location: head Onset: 3 days ago Character: pounding, pressure around the eyes and temples Associated signs and symptoms: nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia Timing: after being on the computer all day at work Exacerbating/ relieving factors: light bothers eyes, Aleve makes it tolerable but not completely better Severity: 7/10 pain scale Current Medications: include dosage, frequency, length of time used and reason for use; also include OTC or homeopathic products. Allergies: include medication, food, and environmental allergies separately (a description of what the allergy is ie angioedema, anaphylaxis, etc. This will help determine a true reaction vs intolerance). PMHx: include immunization status (note date of last tetanus for all adults), past major illnesses and surgeries. Depending on the CC, more info is sometimes needed Soc Hx: include occupation and major hobbies, family status, tobacco & alcohol use (previous and current use), any other pertinent data. Always add some health promo question here – such as whether they use seat belts all the time or whether they have working smoke detectors in the house, living environment, text/cell phone use while driving, and support system. Fam Hx: illnesses with possible genetic predisposition, contagious or chronic illnesses. Reason for death of any deceased first degree relatives should be included. Include parents, grandparents, siblings, and children. Include grandchildren if pertinent. ROS: cover all body systems that may help you include or rule out a differential diagnosis You should list each system as follows: General: Head: EENT: etc. You should list these in bullet format and document the systems in order from head to toe. Example of Complete ROS: GENERAL: No weight loss, fever, chills, weakness or fatigue. HEENT: Eyes: No visual loss, blurred vision, double vision or yellow sclerae. Ears, Nose, Throat: No hearing loss, sneezing, congestion, runny nose or sore throat. SKIN: No rash or itching. CARDIOVASCULAR: No chest pain, chest pressure or chest discomfort. No palpitations or edema. RESPIRATORY: No shortness of breath, cough or sputum. GASTROINTESTINAL: No anorexia, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. No abdominal pain or blood. GENITOURINARY: Burning on urination. Pregnancy. Last menstrual period, MM/DD/YYYY. NEUROLOGICAL: No headache, dizziness, syncope, paralysis, ataxia, numbness or tingling in the extremities. No change in bowel or bladder control. MUSCULOSKELETAL: No muscle, back pain, joint pain or stiffness. HEMATOLOGIC: No anemia, bleeding or bruising. LYMPHATICS: No enlarged nodes. No history of splenectomy. PSYCHIATRIC: No history of depression or anxiety. ENDOCRINOLOGIC: No reports of sweating, cold or heat intolerance. No polyuria or polydipsia. ALLERGIES: No history of asthma, hives, eczema or rhinitis. O. Physical exam: From head-to-toe, include what you see, hear, and feel when doing your physical exam. You only need to examine the systems that are pertinent to the CC, HPI, and History. Do not use “WNL” or “normal.” You must describe what you see. Always document in head to toe format i.e. General: Head: EENT: etc. Diagnostic results: Include any labs,
[ANSWERED 2023] In a 4-to 5-page paper synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:
In a 4-to 5-page paper synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography In a 4-to 5-page paper synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Assignment: Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies. Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking. In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings. To Prepare: Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery. Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.” Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research. For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page) In a 4- to 5-page paper synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following: Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format. Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper. Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples. In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles. Use APA format and include a title page. Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work. By Day 7 of Week 8 Submit your completed Assignment. Submission and Grading Information To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following: Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK8Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name. Click the Week 8 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment. Click the Week 8 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area. Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK8Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open. If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database. Click on the Submit button to complete your submission. Required Readings: McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Chapter 14, “The Electronic Health Record and Clinical Informatics” (pp. 267–287) Chapter 15, “Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety and Quality Outcomes” (pp. 293–317) Chapter 16, “Patient Engagement and Connected Health” (pp. 323–338) Chapter 17, “Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health” (pp. 341–355) Chapter 18, “Telenursing and Remote Access Telehealth” (pp. 359–388) Dykes, P. C., Rozenblum, R., Dalal, A., Massaro, A., Chang, F., Clements, M., Collins, S. …Bates, D. W. (2017). Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: The Promoting Respect and Ongoing Safety Through Patient Engagement Communication and Technology Study. Critical Care Medicine, 45(8), e806–e813. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000002449 HealthIT.gov. (2018c). What is an electronic health record (EHR)? Retrieved from https://www.healthit.gov/faq/what-electronic-health-record-ehr Healthcare Information Management and Systems Society. (2018). Electronic health records. Retrieved from https://www.himss.org/library/ehr/ Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018). Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagement. Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2017.11.002 Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases. Skiba, D. (2017). Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications. Informatics, 4(3), 32–40. doi:10.3390/informatics4030032 Students usually submit formatting several different ways. Your paper should follow this organizational model: Start with a title page: Page numbers are always upper right-hand corner; centered on the page is Title of your paper (bolded); your name; Course number and course name; Walden University; Instructor name; date of submission. Do not add a header (this has not been required for nearly 2 years at Walden). Do not add an abstract. Do not add a Table of contents. On the second page add a heading: Title of your paper (this first heading is bolded). The first paragraph is the introduction to your topic. Include the main points to be found in your paper. Include a purpose statement: The purpose of this paper is….. Body of the paper: Heading (left-justified): A couple word description of the topic(all of these headings are bolded with the first letter of each word capitalized). Ensure you include Summary of articles; Improvements to outcomes; Efficiencies; Lessons learned from application. This is not a brief exercise. The final paragraph is the conclusion. Heading: Conclusion(left justified). The conclusion is a summary and reminds the reader of the main points. There is no new content added to a conclusion paragraph. Lastly, Reference page. Heading: References is centered on the line and All articles and other scholarly sources noted in the paper will be presented here in full reference format. Please do review basic APA: double spaced, the second and third lines are indented 7 to 10 spaces; Titles of books, webpages with no journal, and journal titles and volume numbers are italicized. The author/s/organization is the AUTHOR, then the (year) of publication, then the title of the article or webpage, Add the journal title volume, issue, page number if you have it or the website name, and/or either the doi number or the retrieved from url. Follow APA guidelines. Expert Answer and Explanation Literature Review: The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies Among the most recent but significant changes in healthcare and nursing is
[ANSWERED 2023] In his seminal article The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change, originally published in 1957
In his seminal article The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change, originally published in 1957 In his seminal article The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change, originally published in 1957, Rogers identified three 3.1. The Core Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change In his seminal article The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change, originally published in 1957, Rogers identified three core components of what he considered to be the effective approach to counselling. Since then, few theorists, commentators, or clinicians have raised any arguments against the qualifier “necessary.” However, the label “sufficient” has been targeted by a number of critics. Based on your understanding of the humanistic approach to counselling in general and the person-centred school in particular, do you think that the three “core conditions” are indeed sufficient for producing a “therapeutic personality change”? Reference Rogers, C. R. (2007). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 44(3), 240-248. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=sso&db=pdh&AN=2007-14639-002&custid=s7439054 The last post is due at the end of Sunday of this unit. 3.2. Rogers’ Position on Encouragement as a Technique Unlike Adler, who emphasized the importance of encouragement, Rogers was not very keen about the use of this technique with clients. Could you provide some possible explanations for Rogers’ position? The last post is due at the end of Sunday of this unit. Approved Expert Answer and Explanation 3.1. The Core Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change The three core conditions to effective “therapeutic personality change” as stated by Rodgers include congruence, empathy, and unconditional positive regard. In my opinion, the three core conditions are sufficient for producing a “therapeutic personality change.” One of the conditions which is empathy can help therapist understand the feelings and thoughts experienced by the client. In other words, the counselor with have an idea of what the client is feeling. Empathy will improve the therapist’s urge to help the client change their current mental state and attain healthy mental state (Rogers, 2007). Congruence can help when it comes to building a relationship with the client. Congruence means that the therapist is real and genuine, and hence the client can trust them and freely express what they feel without fear. Congruence can help us as counselors to overcome the negative attitudes we have towards our clients. The warmth and genuine encounter can make the client feel respected and valued. Hence, the client will have higher self-esteem and trust their personal judgment (Rogers, 1992). The third condition which unconditional positive regard will allow clients to be free and speak their mind out without thinking of being judged or criticized. If the client says what they feel, the therapist will be in a better position to help them. References Rogers, C. R. (1992). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(6), 827. http://129.7.114.13/Harrington/necessary.pdf Rogers, C. R. (2007). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 44(3), 240-248. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=sso&db=pdh&AN=2007-14639-002&custid=s7439054 Expert Answer and Explanation 3.2. Rogers’ Position on Encouragement as a Technique Encouragement is a therapy technique where a therapist uses non-verbal and verbal methods to prompt the client to continue narrating their feelings and thoughts. Some these methods include positive facial expression, nodding, and saying words, such as “uh-huh.” Rodgers did not see the need for encouragement technique in his mode of therapy which is person-centered therapy. In his opinion, being genuine, empathetic, and showing respect and warmth are enough to allow the patient to continue communicating what they feel. For instance, when the clients are communicating and they see that you are empathizes with them, they will be motivated to continue talking because they know you feel them (Silberschatz, 2007). The counselor can show empathy by responding to the client always, taking time to listen, using short responses, and understating the client’s perspective. He believed that if a counselor applies the skills above, there is no need for using encouragement techniques. Unconditional positive regards also allow the client to be free, open up, and narrate their feeling without thinking of being judged or criticized (Rogers, 2007). This condition also acts in place of encouragement (Silberschatz, 2007). In other words, Rodgers did not see the need to use encouragement techniques because the three conditions had already taken care of ensuring that there is “therapeutic personality change.” References Rogers, C. R. (2007). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 44(3), 240-248. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=sso&db=pdh&AN=2007-14639-002&custid=s7439054 Silberschatz, G. (2007). Comments on “The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change.” Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 44(3), 265–267. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.44.3.265 Place your order now for a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Use Coupon Code: NEW30 to Get 30% OFF Your First Order Other Solved Questions: SOLVED! How would your communication and interview SOLVED! Describe the difference between a nursing practice SOLVED! How do you think evidence from nursing journals SOLVED! Discuss how elimination complexities can affect SOLVED! Case C 38-year-old Native American pregnant ANSWERED! In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two [ANSWERED] Students will develop a 1,250-1,500 word paper that includes [ANSWERED] Post a description of the national healthcare ANSWERED!! Explain how you would inform this nurse ANSWERED!! In a 4- to 5-page project proposal written to the ANSWERED!! A 15-year-old male reports dull pain in both ANSWERED!! Should government continue to take an [ANSWERED] Mrs. Adams a 68-year-old widow who was [ANSWERED] Compare and contrast the various ways you can ANSWERED! Provide a summary of your learning style which of the following is not a characteristic of psychotherapy which of the following is an example of a social change which of the following is not a characteristic of personality rogers position on encouragement as a technique the psychology of encouragement theory research and applications encouraging in counselling, adlerian therapy journal articles encouragement article, science of encouragement rogers the necessary and sufficient conditions, theory about encouragement Understanding Rogers Position on Encouragement as a
[ANSWERED 2023] Discuss the impact of the process of Romanization on the Roman world
Discuss the impact of the process of Romanization on the Roman world Discuss the impact of the process of Romanization on the Roman world Rome and Romanization This assignment gives you the opportunity to practice determining the purpose and function of artifacts in order to create your interpretation of a specific historical development—Romanization. Discuss the impact of the process of Romanization on the Roman world. Identify at least two examples of cultural structures that were patterned across Roman-conquered cities. Cultural structures can include physical features of Roman-ruled cities, practices, policies, ideas, or any artifact that was used to shape the conquered religions. Discuss how these structures impacted daily life, which may include politics, economics, or social roles. Describe how and with what intent these events were “memorialized” or used in the cultural arena. Step 1: Choose two appropriate sources. At least one source must come from the CSU Online Library. The Academic Search Complete and eBook Academic Collection databases in the CSU Online Library would be good places to start your search. If you need additional help with using or locating information in the online library, there are library video tutorials available on the main page of the online library under the heading “Research Guides.” Resources from outside of the library should be credible and peer-reviewed and cannot include Wikipedia, Biography.com, History.com, any type of message board, or other similar encyclopedias. Step 2: Complete your research. Choose one interesting development that illustrates the main point that you want to make about your chosen physical structures, practices, or ideas. Gather details about your choice. For example, what types of buildings were first introduced in Rome, and why were they purposely replicated in other, smaller cities? Step 3: Draw conclusions from the details you found, and prepare your thesis. A thesis is prepared after you have completed your research and gathered enough information about the chosen structures. You should sit back to think about what it means to see the influence on culture. Your thesis statement should offer your reader the overall insight into the use and impact of the structure on Roman development. Use the following guidelines to help decide on your thesis. Ask yourself about how the cultural element (idea, practice, or structure) was shaped by its time period and environment. Ask yourself how the structure impacted the lives of the people around it, the general public, and the immediately following period in the history of Rome. Find the perfect specific example to demonstrate the qualities of the structure you would most like to show. Step 4: Write your essay. Your essay must be at least 500 words in length. All sources must be referenced and cited according to APA guidelines. Be sure to consider the following guidelines in your essay. The introduction should engage the reader and clearly present the essay’s thesis and summarize the main points that clarify your point of view. The last sentence of the introductory paragraph should be your specific thesis. Organization should clearly present points arranged to illustrate your opening thesis. Paragraph order and organization should clearly present points arranged to illustrate your opening thesis rather than to narrate the chronological story. Writing should be clear and concise with no spelling, grammatical, or punctuation errors. The number of sources should meet or exceed any expressed assignment requirements, and the sources should be peer-reviewed or academic in nature. At least one source must be from the CSU Online Library. APA guidelines should be used for reference entries and in-text citations. Expert Answer and Explanation Rome and Romanization Ancient Roman civilization is a journey which transformed how the world viewed Rome as a leading superpower during that era. Ancient Rome was viewed in light of its military, economic and political might which made its neighbors respect and even fear its strength. Its thriving period was mainly during the republic period and the imperial era after transitioning of the republic to become an empire. There are various structures which made Rome thrive and used as a model nation in terms of development. This paper will first discuss the impact of the process of Romanization on the Roman world and consider the governance and physical structure and cultural artifacts as some of the main components during the romanization process Impact of Romanization of the Roman world Romanization involved changing the culture of the conquered cities to conform to the Roman culture. It was a process which some consider having happened by design, while others believe it to have occurred naturally. The romanization process first changed the predominant language used in the concurred territories to become Latin (Champion & Goldberg, 2014). This made Latin become one of the most spoken languages during that era.Romanization of Rome also introduced new policies of governance which aimed to improve efficiency in service delivery which was not as vibrant in native regions which were conquered by Rome. There are other features like advanced sanitation (due to the construction of aqueducts), improved sense of patriotism through inclusivity in governance and enhanced economic stability for Rome, which can as a result of the Romanization process (Stek, 2014). Ultimately, the entire romanization process started diluting the cultures of the natives replacing it with the Roman culture, with cultural features such as Roman cultural games being practiced even by the conquered regions. Cultural structures patterned in Roman conquered cities Just before, and during the reign of Julius Caesar as the Roman emperor one of the structures he put in place was to have an inclusive governance structure where ordinary Roman citizens (Plebeians) were considered part of; that was exclusive of the women. During that period, in as much as women were considered to be ordinary citizens, they had lesser rights of participation as compared to men (Dench, 2018). Initially, governance was considered a privilege of the upper-class citizens in the society (nobles) with the senate and the higher military officials be entirely composed of those from a noble lineage. Julius Caesar advocated the inclusion of plebs in governance, which made him
[ANSWERED 2023] Mr. Akkad is a 76 year old Iranian male who is brought to your office by his eldest son for “strange behavior.”
Mr. Akkad is a 76 year old Iranian male who is brought to your office by his eldest son for “strange behavior.” To Prepare Review the interactive media piece assigned by your instructor. Reflect on the patient’s symptoms and aspects of the disorder presented in the interactive media piece. Consider how you might assess and treat patients presenting with the symptoms of the patient case study you were assigned. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the diagnosis and treatment for this patient. Reflect on potential co-morbid physical as well as patient factors that might impact the patient’s diagnosis and treatment. Write a 1- to 2-page summary paper that addresses the following: Briefly summarize the patient case study you were assigned, including each of the three decisions you took for the patient presented. Based on the decisions you recommended for the patient case study, explain whether you believe the decisions provided were supported by the evidence-based literature. Be specific and provide examples. Be sure to support your response with evidence and references from outside resources. What were you hoping to achieve with the decisions you recommended for the patient case study you were assigned? Support your response with evidence and references from outside resources. Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with each of the decisions and the results of the decision in the exercise. Describe whether they were different. Be specific and provide examples. BACKGROUND Mr. Akkad is a 76 year old Iranian male who is brought to your office by his eldest son for “strange behavior.” Mr. Akkad was seen by his family physician who ruled out any organic basis for Mr. Akkad’s behavior. All laboratory and diagnostic imaging tests (including CT-scan of the head) were normal. According to his son, he has been demonstrating some strange thoughts and behaviors for the past two years, but things seem to be getting worse. Per the client’s son, the family noticed that Mr. Akkad’s personality began to change a few years ago. He began to lose interest in religious activities with the family and became more “critical” of everyone. They also noticed that things he used to take seriously had become a source of “amusement” and “ridicule.” Over the course of the past two years, the family has noticed that Mr. Akkad has been forgetting things. His son also reports that sometimes he has difficult “finding the right words” in a conversation and then will shift to an entirely different line of conversation. SUBJECTIVE During the clinical interview, Mr. Akkad is pleasant, cooperative and seems to enjoy speaking with you. You notice some confabulation during various aspects of memory testing, so you perform a Mini-Mental State Exam. Mr. Akkad scores 18 out of 30 with primary deficits in orientation, registration, attention & calculation, and recall. The score suggests moderate dementia. MENTAL STATUS EXAM Mr. Akkad is 76 year old Iranian male who is cooperative with today’s clinical interview. His eye contact is poor. Speech is clear, coherent, but tangential at times. He makes no unusual motor movements and demonstrates no tic. Self-reported mood is euthymic. Affect however is restricted. He denies visual or auditory hallucinations. No delusional or paranoid thought processes noted. He is alert and oriented to person, partially oriented to place, but is disoriented to time and event [he reports that he thought he was coming to lunch but “wound up here”- referring to your office, at which point he begins to laugh]. Insight and judgment are impaired. Impulse control is also impaired as evidenced by Mr. Akkad’s standing up during the clinical interview and walking towards the door. When you asked where he was going, he stated that he did not know. Mr. Akkad denies suicidal or homicidal ideation. Diagnosis: Major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease (presumptive) RESOURCES § Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (2002). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources. References Hussien, R. M., & Shoukry, A. A. (2020). Rivastigmine patch (Exelon patch) compared to melatonin patch in prevention of postoperative delirium in the elderly. Ain-Shams Journal of Anesthesiology, 12(1), 1-7. https://asja.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s42077-020-00087-6 Khoury, R., Rajamanickam, J., & Grossberg, G. T. (2018). An update on the safety of current therapies for Alzheimer’s disease: focus on rivastigmine. Therapeutic advances in drug safety, 9(3), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2042098617750555 Yoon, S. J., Choi, S. H., Na, H. R., Park, K. W., Kim, E. J., Han, H. J., … & Na, D. L. (2017). Effects on agitation with rivastigmine patch monotherapy and combination therapy with memantine in mild to moderate Alzheimer\’s disease: a multicenter 24?week prospective randomized open?label study (the Korean EXelon Patch and combination with mEmantine Comparative Trial study). Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 17(3), 494-499. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12754 Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Chapter 11, “Basic Principles of Neuropharmacology” (pp. 67–71) Chapter 12, “Physiology of the Peripheral Nervous System” (pp. 72–81) Chapter 12, “Muscarinic Agonists and Cholinesterase Inhibitors” (pp. 82–89) Chapter 14, “Muscarinic Antagonists” (pp. 90-98) Chapter 15, “Adrenergic Agonists” (pp. 99–107) Chapter 16, “Adrenergic Antagonists” (pp. 108–119) Chapter 17, “Indirect-Acting Antiadrenergic Agents” (pp. 120–124) Chapter 18, “Introduction to Central Nervous System Pharmacology” (pp. 125–126) Chapter 19, “Drugs for Parkinson Disease” (pp. 127–142) Chapter 20, “Drugs for Alzheimer Disease” (pp. 159–166) Chapter 21, “Drugs for Seizure Disorders” (pp. 150–170) Chapter 22, “Drugs for Muscle Spasm and Spasticity” (pp. 171–178) Chapter 59, “Drug Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis” (pp. 513–527) Chapter 60, “Drug Therapy of Gout” (pp. 528–536) Chapter 61, “Drugs Affecting Calcium Levels and Bone Mineralization” (pp. 537–556) Excellent Good Fair Poor Briefly summarize the patient case study you were assigned, including each of the three decisions you took for the patient presented. Be specific. Points Range: 18 (18%) – 20 (20%) The response accurately and thoroughly summarizes in detail the patient case study assigned, including specific and complete details on each of the three decisions made for the patient presented. Points Range: 16 (16%) – 17 (17%) The response accurately summarizes the patient case study assigned, including details on each of the three decisions
[ANSWERED 2023] Select a family other than your own and seek permission from the family to conduct an interview. Utilize the interview questions complied in your interview questionnaire to conduct a family-focused functional assessment
Select a family other than your own and seek permission from the family to conduct an interview. Utilize the interview questions complied in your interview questionnaire Understanding family structure and style is essential to patient and family care. Conducting a family interview and needs assessment gathers information to identify strengths, as well as potential barriers to health. This information ultimately helps develop family-centered strategies for support and guidance. This family health assessment is a two-part assignment. The information you gather in this initial assignment will be utilized for the second assignment in Topic 3. Develop an interview questionnaire to be used in a family-focused functional assessment. The questionnaire must include three open-ended, family-focused questions to assess functional health patterns for each of the following: Values/Health Perception Nutrition Sleep/Rest Elimination Activity/Exercise Cognitive Sensory-Perception Self-Perception Role Relationship Sexuality Coping Select a family other than your own and seek permission from the family to conduct an interview. Utilize the interview questions complied in your interview questionnaire to conduct a family-focused functional assessment. Document the responses as you conduct the interview. Upon completion of the interview, write a 750-1,000-word paper. Analyze your assessment findings. Submit your questionnaire as an appendix with your assignment. Include the following in your paper: Describe the family structure. Include individuals and any relevant attributes defining the family composition, race/ethnicity, social class, spirituality, and environment. Summarize the overall health behaviors of the family. Describe the current health of the family. Based on your findings, describe at least two of the functional health pattern strengths noted in the findings. Discuss three areas in which health problems or barriers to health were identified. Describe how family systems theory can be applied to solicit changes in family members that, in turn, initiate positive changes to the overall family functions over time. Cite at least three peer-reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria. Expert Answer and Explanation Family Health Assessment When working with patients, providers have to involve the patients’ family members because they offer support needed for the patient recovery. They not only make decisions, but they provide emotional support which the patient needs as they go through the illness-health process. Rather than treat a single patient, providers may instead focus on managing the health needs of the entire family unit. In this case, they perform family health assessment to determine the family’s health needs. These assessment is intended to explore various aspects of the health needs including health behaviors, and administer care that meets these needs (Goergen et al., 2016). It is imperative to examine such an assessment, and apply the Family Systems Theory (FST) to bring change in a selected family. Family Structure The family selected for the interview comprises of a couple, their three children, and a paternal grandmother. The children are all female with the eldest one being aged 12 years, the younger one being aged 9 years while the other is aged 5 years. The grandmother who is 66 years old widow no longer works, and because there was no one to look after her, she came to live with the family. The couple is doing well career-wise considering that the father is a practicing lawyer while the mother is a medical doctor (Goergen et al., 2016). The Family Health Behaviors The family, during the interview, answered assessment questions including questions related to the health perceptions. According to the family, they have never had any major health event. However, the grandmother has a history of smoking, and she has hypertension, and she tend to experience abnormal heart rhythms. None of the other members of the family use behavior-altering substances, and the parents practice good health behaviors (Goergen et al., 2016). When asked about diet, the couple stated that they are aware of the role diet plays in helping improve individuals’ health. Thus, they eat balanced diet, and they prefer home-made food over the food prepared in fast-food stores. The family also prefer to buy organic food products because they are healthy (Richards et al., 2018). The couple, still, did respond to the questions concerning the amount of hours they sleep. While the children go to bed early, and sleep for more than 8 hours a day, the couple sleep for not more than 7 hours. They stated that their busy work schedules leaves them with limited time to have enough sleep. The grandparent has a problem with elimination considering that she urinates more frequently, than she used to do. However, no any other individual has experienced elimination issues apart from the few cases of diarrhea in the family (Dorell et al., 2017). The family is serious about maintaining healthy lifestyle, and the parents engage in fitness activities in their respective workplaces. The children are taking swimming lessons, and they therefore swim on weekends (Khatiban, Tohidi, & Shahdoust, 2019). The family maintained that they are cognitively aware, and they can logically think, and get to know their environment. The senses of everyone in the family are sound, and no one in the family requires hearing aid or eye glasses. No member has anosmia either. The couple has healthy sex lifestyle, and they are able to effectively deal with the marital issues. However, they have not had any serious marital issue. Besides, they can effectively cope with challenges (Khatiban et al., 2019). Strengths linked to Functional Health Patterns The family exhibits strengths when it comes to the way it handles health issues. The fact that the couple participates in workplace-based physical activities, and eats healthy meals, shows that the family can continue adopting behaviors which promote health. Because the children are active, their risk of developing health conditions is slim. However, the grandparent is hypertensive, and this is the main concern for the couple because they feel that her condition may worsen to the level where she may require admission into the hospital. This fear can result to stress which can emotionally and
[ANSWERED 2023] Watch the Diary of Medical Mission Trip videos dealing with the catastrophic earthquake in Haiti in 2010
Watch the Diary of Medical Mission Trip videos dealing with the catastrophic earthquake in Haiti in 2010. DQ 1: What spiritual considerations surrounding a disaster can arise for individuals, communities, and health care providers? Explain your answer in the context of a natural or manmade disaster. How can a community health nurse assist in the spiritual care of the individual, community, self, and colleagues? DQ 2: Watch the Diary of Medical Mission Trip videos dealing with the catastrophic earthquake in Haiti in 2010. Reflect on this natural disaster by answering the following questions: Propose one example of a nursing intervention related to the disaster from each of the following levels: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention. Provide innovative examples that have not been discussed by previous students. Under which phase of the disaster do the three proposed interventions fall? Explain why you chose that phase. With what people or agencies would you work in facilitating the proposed interventions and why? EXPERT ANSWER AND EXPLANATION Spiritual Consideration in a Disaster When disaster strikes, it comes with it a devastating state of affairs for individuals, communities, and by extension, the health care providers. Both manmade and natural disaster creates consequences that implicate not only the physical and economic status of an individual or society but also the spiritual wellbeing of the affected person or community (Hong et al., 2019). The spiritual consideration mainly deals with faith and region of a specific person of the community. Different religious or spiritual belief holds a set belief that might affect other aspects of the health of the affected person or community. For instance, a religious extremist who believes in their faith and that the supreme being will protect them against the disaster might deny any form of treatment and thus affect their overall health. While it is the responsibility of the religious institution to intervene in this case, nurses can also play a role in assisting with the spiritual care of individuals and the community as well as self and colleagues (Hong et al., 2019). For instance, a nurse may use spiritual care to provide holistic care that is in line with their beliefs. An understanding of spiritual difference can help restore hope and courage in the patients and assisting them in restoring touch with reality and finding the courage to soldier on. A nurse can guide the community in offering holistic spiritual care that enhances unity and taking care of your neighbor. Similarly, nurses can also be affected or traumatized by the high number of casualties or death as a result of the disaster (Kestenbaum et al., 2018). A nurse can use spiritual care to motivate themselves and colleagues as they will be determining on offering service to humanity. Their service will be able to save lives and ensure that the victims are uplifted spiritually. References Hong, B. A., Pollio, D. E., Pollio, E. W., Sims, O. T., Pedrazine, A., & North, C. S. (2019). Religious and Spiritual Aspects of Disaster Experience Among Survivors of the 9/11 Attacks on New York City’s World Trade Center. Journal of religion and health, 58(5), 1619-1630. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10943-019-00785-y Kestenbaum, A., Fleischman, C. A., Dabis, M., Birnbaum, B., & Dunn, L. B. (2018). Examination of spiritual needs in Hurricane Sandy disaster recovery through clinical pastoral education verbatims. Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling, 72(1), 8-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542305017748663 DQ2: Reflection on Catastrophic Earthquake in Haiti 2010 Nursing intervention related to the catastrophic earthquake in Haiti in 2010 Nursing interventions are the actual actions and treatment which are performed to help patients to attain the objectives which are set for them (Blutcher, Bulecheck, Doctterman & Wagner, 2018). Nurses utilize their critical thinking abilities and experience to decide on interventions that can help patients the most. Based on the Catastrophic Earthquake in Haiti 2010, there are three levels of nursing intervention which can be used by nurses during and after the disaster. These level include primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention. Primary interventions will assist in developing strategies that can reduce the damage caused by the catastrophic earthquake; for example, keeping of fire extinguishers at home to put off fire resulting from the earthquake. Secondary prevention will be to encourage personal approaches to prevent recurrence of disaster injuries; for instance, regular exams and screening of people injured during the disaster. Tertiary interventions will involve helping people to manage the long-term effects of the disaster; for example, teaching farmers to plant varied crops which are resilient to the catastrophe. Phase of the disaster that the three proposed interventions fall The three proposed interventions fall under the reconstruction phase. According to Neal (2017), the reconstruction phase usually involves an overall sense of recovery after the disaster. Communities and individuals start to take responsibility for restoring their lives back to normallcy. Also, persons are adjusting to a new life after grieving their losses. Neal (2017) concludes that the reconstruction phase begins around the celebration period of the disaster and continues for some time beyond that the anniversary. Agencies that will help in facilitating the proposed interventions Agencies that I will work with to enable the recommended interventions are American Red Cross, Sida (Swedish International Development Corporation Agency), and the FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency). According to Coppola (2016), the three agencies are global organizations working to reduce the impact of natural disasters around the world. Thus, the agencies can appropriately help me to facilitate the interventions in Haiti. References Coppola, D. P. (2016). Introduction to international disaster management. Elsevier. Blutcher, H. K., Bulecheck, G. M., Doctterman, J. M. M., & Wagner, G. M. (2018). Nursing interventions classifications (NIC)-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Neal, D. M. (2017). Reconsidering the phases of disasters. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disaster 15(2), 239-264. Place your order now for a similar assignment and get fast, cheap and best quality work written by our expert level assignment writers.Use Coupon Code: NEW30 to Get 30% OFF Your First Order Other Answered Questions: SOLVED! Describe the difference between a nursing practice SOLVED! Discuss how elimination complexities can
[ANSWERED 2023] Select a research article other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library
Select a research article other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library TOPIC 2 DQ 1: Select a research article, other than the articles from your assignments, from the GCU library. Provide an overview of the study and describe the strategy that was used to select the sample from the population. Evaluate the effectiveness of the sampling method selected. Provide support for your answer. Include the article title and permalink in your post. TOPIC 2 DQ 2: Using the research article selected for DQ 1, identify three key questions you will ask and answer when reading the research study and why these questions are important. When responding to peers, provide other questions and answers that could be considered in relation to the peers’ studies. Expert Answer and Explanation TOPIC 2 DQ 1: Effectiveness of Sampling Method Used Overview of the Study The article by Griffiths et al. involves a study that investigates the relationship between nurse staffing and the occurrence of omissions. The objective of the study is to assess nursing care that is missed frequently in acute inpatient adult wards, and to determine the linkage between missed care and the levels of staffing (Griffiths et al., 2018). The background of the study is that there are numerous adverse patient outcomes that are directly associated with nurse staffing levels. The study utilizes a systematic review design, with the data sources being several databases including CINAHL and EMBASE (Griffiths et al., 2018). The study shows that there is a high level of association between low nurse staffing and high reports of missed care. Effectiveness of the Sampling Method Selected Systematic random sampling was applied when collecting data, and it was effective in collecting data from various databases to be used in the study. In this method, researchers select elements from a sampling frame that is ordered, which in this case is the databases (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). The method of sampling is easy to understand, and it helps in bringing a greater control of the sense of the process (Javaid, Noor-ul-Amin, & Hanif, 2019). Because of using this method, the researchers in the study were also able to reduce the risks through elimination of clustered selections. Given a chance to redo the study, I would be sure to use systematic random sampling method, as it is the only method that can give optimal results in a study of this nature. References Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487. Javaid, A., Noor-ul-Amin, M., & Hanif, M. (2019). Modified Ratio Estimator in Systematic Random Sampling Under Non-response. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, 89(4), 817-825. TOPIC 2 DQ 2: Key Questions When Reading the Article What are the researchers’ hypotheses? Asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers helps to study the mind of the researchers before and after the study is conducted. This question also allows one to put themselves into the perspective of the study as intended by the authors of the article. In some of the cases, asking oneself about the hypotheses of the researchers can help to identify the possibility of biases in a research. In this study Griffith et al. (2018) hypothesize that low levels of staffing are linked with poor patient outcomes, and the hypothesis is confirmed in the results. The fact that the hypothesis matches to outcomes could lead to questions of whether or not there is biases, but in this case, it is clear from the research procedure that there is no data manipulation. What is the unit of analysis? Asking oneself about the unit of analysis also helps to ensure effectiveness in managing the interpretations of the results. A failure to consider the units of a study would imply that the researcher does not understand the exact parameters being applied. How generalizable are the results? The generalizability of results is another aspect that is evident in studies that sound ‘too obvious (Pearl & Bareinboim, 2019).’ I would ask myself about the generalizability of the results as it would help me to assess whether or not the article is useful enough for me to make different inferences from the study topic. The article by Griffiths et al. does not have generalizable results as the results are full of details to describe the outcome of the study. References Griffiths, P., Recio‐Saucedo, A., Dall’Ora, C., Briggs, J., Maruotti, A., Meredith, P., & Missed Care Study Group. (2018). The association between nurse staffing and omissions in nursing care: a systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(7), 1474-1487. Pearl, J., & Bareinboim, E. (2019). Note on ‘‘Generalizability of Study Results ‘‘. Epidemiology, 30(2), 186-188. Alternative Expert Answer Artificial Neural Networks The article by Nina Shahid, Tim Rappon and Whitney Berta is about, “Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Health Care Organizational Decision-Making: A Scoping Review.” According to the article, the healthcare industry is gradually evolving towards a patient-centered model of care delivery and, at the same time advocating for value-based practices (Shahid, Rappon, & Berta, 2019). Artificial neural networks (ANN) are essential in health care organizational decision-making through leveraging machine-learning techniques. With the advent of technology, healthcare facilities are increasingly adopting the use of ANN to inform health care decisions. Artificial intelligence is at the center of technology and potential future of technology as it holds the potential to offer health care delivery that is not only appropriate but also cost-effective. With the increased uptake of artificial intelligence in the healthcare industry, different health care management problems can be addressed (Shahid, Rappon, & Berta, 2019). To address the AI applications in healthcare, the research paper makes use of different research questions and sampling methods to collect data for analysis. The research paper makes use of the Arksey & O’Malley framework of 2005 to come up with the sampling methods used in the paper. The topic can be related to different multi-disciplinary subjects, and the frameworks used to identify the sampling methods identifies literature related to healthcare but from different databases. This method is effective as it is able to distinguish materials that