Paraphilic disorders are far more common in men than in women, and generally quite chronic, lasting at least two years. Treatment of these disorders usually involves both psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatments.

In this Assignment, you will explore personality and paraphilic disorders in greater detail. You will research potentially controversial elements of the diagnosis and/or treatment and explain ethical and legal considerations when working with these disorders.

To Prepare

• Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide on assessing, diagnosing, and treating personality and paraphilic disorders.
• Select a specific personality or paraphilic disorder from the DSM-5 to use for this Assignment.
• Use the Walden Library to investigate your chosen disorder further, including controversial aspects of the disorder, maintaining the therapeutic relationship, and ethical and legal considerations.

The Assignment

In 2–3 pages:

• Explain the controversy that surrounds your selected disorder.
• Explain your professional beliefs about this disorder, supporting your rationale with at least three scholarly references from the literature.
• Explain strategies for maintaining the therapeutic relationship with a patient that may present with this disorder.
• Finally, explain ethical and legal considerations related to this disorder that you need to bring to your practice and why they are important.

By Day 7 of Week 7

Submit your Assignment.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK7Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Week 7 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Week 7 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
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• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

REQUIRED SOURCES

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: NICE Guidelines. (2010). Antisocial personality disorder: Prevention and management.

https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg77

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer. (For review as needed)

• Chapter 22, “Personality Disorders”

Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (Eds.). (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell.

• Chapter 67, “Disorders of Personality”
• Chapter 68, “Developmental Risk for Psychopathy”
• Chapter 69, “Gender Dysphoria and Paraphilic Sexual Disorders” (pp. 988–993 only)

Zakhari, R. (2021). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer Publishing Company.

• Chapter 14, “Personality Disorders”

Required Media

Buchanan, N. T. (2020, April 13). Lecture 14 part 3: Paraphilic disorders [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykkMo9t0bxs

MDedge. (2020, January 22). Personality disorders with Dr. Frank Yeomans [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESQIDslCX_s

GRADING RUBRIC

In 2–3 pages, address the following:

• Explain the controversy that surrounds your selected personality or paraphilic disorder.

• Explain your professional beliefs about your selected disorder, supporting your rationale with at least three scholarly references from the literature.–
• Explain strategies for maintaining the therapeutic relationship with a client that may present with the disorder.–
• Finally, explain ethical and legal considerations related to the disorder that you need to bring to your practice and why they are important.–

Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.

Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards:

Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation

Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.

Expert Answer and Explanation

Controversy associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is one of the different forms of personality disorders, and for the therapists, working with a client with this condition can be a challenge. A significant number of people with APD do not feel their condition is harmful to themselves or even to people close to them, and this is the reason why it can be a challenge for psychotherapists to treat such as client.

For the psychotherapist to succeed in working with APD client, they need to build relationship with the client. They can accomplish this by building trust and behaving well towards the client. However, there are various strategies which a provider can adopt to build therapeutic relationships (Buchanan, 2020).

It is important to examine these strategies, assess the controversy pertaining to the APD, and provide personal professional beliefs concerning the condition. It is equally important to determine the ethical and legal considerations based on the APD.

Controversy that Surrounds the Disorder

The APD is controversial, and the treatment of this disorder can be a problem to the therapists. A key reason why the APD raises controversy is that it causes the stigmatization of the patient. The thought of having this disorder can be a stigmatizing experience to the patient, and it can cause the patient not to seek treatment.

The individual working with the patient can also contribute to this stigma. The controversy, still, occurs because the APD does not consider the social context or the factors which can influence one’s capacity to cope. A traumatic event during one’s early years can alter an individual’s ability to cope, and because the APD does not take this into account, it can be a challenge to treat someone with the disorder (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: NICE Guidelines. 2010). Furthermore, there is lack of agreement among experts on the elements and features of the disorder, and this also presents controversy.

Professional Beliefs Concerning the Disorder

I have personal professional beliefs regarding the disorder. I believe that the condition can be chronic, and a person can live with it for many years. Unless one gets help, the symptoms may continue manifesting up to the point when they age. This, I believe is the reason why symptoms are more visible when a person is in their mid-age, than when they age.

This is one of the characteristics that makes the APD different from the other disorders. I also believe that a number of factors including one’s environment and their genetic characteristics determine their risk of developing the APD. From the professional perspective, a child is likely to develop APD or some personality disorders if they have abusive parents.

Because the APD is hereditary, chances of developing the APD can be high among individuals if they have history of the disease in their family (Sadock, Sadock, & Ruiz, 2015). My rationale for this is that an individual’s upbringing is indeed a factor that determines their risks of having various personality conditions.

Strategies for maintaining Therapeutic Relationship with a Client with the Disorder

A therapist has various options when it comes to the strategies they can choose to help maintain therapeutic relationship with the client. They can achieve this by helping the APD patient to feel welcome, and comfortable. This is done during the introduction phase, and the therapist may smile and show friendly gestures.

It may take time to connect with the client, and the therapist should take this into account when working with them. It is also important for the psychotherapist to manage their emotions, and let the patient know it is about them and not the therapist. Instead of using harsh words or statements which may cause stigma, they can speak in a respectful manner, and be emotionally sensitive (Zakhari, 2021). Doing all these can lead to a situation in which the client trusts the therapist, and they may therefore open up.

Ethical and Legal Considerations Related to the Disorder and their Importance

There are legal and ethical considerations which an individual needs to consider when working with APD person. Consent is an example of such considerations, and before starting the assessment, the provider must seek the patient’s consent so that they can assess the patient and conduct the treatment. Confidentiality is another consideration.

This applies when it comes to disclosure or sharing of the information with the patient’s family or another third party (MDedge, 2020). Another consideration is the competence, and this is important because the therapist needs to be competent enough to administer assessment and treatment based on the existing clinical protocols.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the issue of APD is controversial because of the stigma linked to it, and this explains the reason why diagnosis the condition and treating it can be a problem. Some of the personal professional beliefs concerning this condition are; the disease is hereditary; and the environment in which one is brought up can determine the risk of developing it. A therapist has to be competent, and seek the patient’s consent when working with the patient. Doing this can help prevent adverse legal and ethical consequences.

References

Buchanan, N. T. (2020, April 13). Lecture 14 part 3: Paraphilic disorders [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykkMo9t0bxs.

MDedge. (2020, January 22). Personality disorders with Dr. Frank Yeomans [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ESQIDslCX_s.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: NICE Guidelines. (2010). Antisocial personality disorder: Prevention and management.https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg77.

Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.

Thapar, A., Pine, D. S., Leckman, J. F., Scott, S., Snowling, M. J., & Taylor, E. A. (Eds.). (2015). Rutter’s child and adolescent psychiatry (6th ed.). Wiley Blackwell.

Zakhari, R. (2021). The psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner certification review manual. Springer Publishing Company.

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assignment controversy associated with personality and paraphilic disorders