[ANSWERED 2023] Identify a cardiac or respiratory issue and outline the key steps necessary to include for prevention and health promotion

DQ 2

Discuss what resources are often necessary for nonacute care for cardiorespiratory issues. Explain how they support patient independence and decrease readmission.

Expert Answer and Explanation

DQ 1

Heart Disease

The primary purpose of the heart is to facilitate the flow of blood around the different body organs, but it first has to pump blood to the lungs to facilitate oxygenation. Heart disease has a direct impact on the respiratory system as it causes irregularities in the manner in which blood is transported to and from the lungs (DeFilippis et al., 2017).

The interconnectedness of the heard and the lungs make them work together in ensuring that all cells within the body are provided with sufficient oxygen required for survival. Heart disease has become one of the leading causative agents for death and disability within the United States. Numerous causative agents can be considered risk factors for heart disease. While these risk factors (age, gender, and family history) cannot change, nor can they be controlled, there are others that can be controlled to prevent heart disease occurrence.

The control measures can be evaluated in the form of steps that an individual can perform for the prevention and health promotion of heart disease. The first step for the prevention of heart disease is to control one’s blood pressure as it is a high risk of heart disease. Secondly, there is a need to control the levels of triglyceride and cholesterol as they can clog the blood vessels (Ammouri et al., 2016).

Regular exercise is also a step to ensure that a person maintains a healthy weight as a preventive mechanism. Other essential steps include healthy dieting, limit alcohol or smoking, stress management, and also managing diabetes. These steps are essential in ensuring that a person is prevented from the controllable risk of acquiring heart disease. The steps are also a great measure to facilitate health promotion within society.

Reference

Ammouri, A. A., Tailakh, A., Isac, C., Kamanyire, J. K., Muliira, J., & Balachandran, S. (2016). Knowledge of coronary heart disease risk factors among a community sample in Oman: Pilot study. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 16(2), e189.

DeFilippis, A. P., Young, R., McEvoy, J. W., Michos, E. D., Sandfort, V., Kronmal, R. A., … & Blaha, M. J. (2017). Risk score overestimation: the impact of individual cardiovascular risk factors and preventive therapies on the performance of the American Heart Association-American College of Cardiology-Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease risk score in a modern multi-ethnic cohort. European heart journal, 38(8), 598-608.

DQ 2

Resources for Cardiorespiratory Issues

Both the lungs and the heart work jointly to ensure there is sufficient and constant supply of oxygenated blood within the body and the removal of carbon dioxide from the system. These cycles facilitate the importance of sustaining life as it is. Issues related to either the heart or the lungs may have a negative influence on the other organ and potentially result in both organs demonstrating nonacute cardiorespiratory issues (Canada et al., 2018).

These issues are termed as those that concern both the lungs and heart but do not require urgent or emergency intervention. These patients can also be within hospitals in waiting for discharge to the healthcare facility necessary for their condition. The resources needed for the care of nonacute cardiorespiratory issues entail palliative care, long-term care, nursing and life support services, counseling, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation services.

These services provide additional assistance with regards to care and management of the issues that the patient is facing through recovery. For instance, palliative care focuses on the measures that can improve the overall quality of life for both the patient and their families who ace the problems that are associated with the illness (Imboden et al., 2018).

These resources are critical in support of patient readmission due to various reasons. To begin with, they offer relief to distressing symptoms and pain that a patient might be experiencing. While nonacute cardiorespiratory issues do not necessitate emergency care, the symptoms can be severe and in need of relief. These resources also help with affirming life by integrating spiritual and psychological elements of care. In the event of readmission, the resources help the patients with spiritual care and regard death as a normal process. They also facilitate quality of life, which positively influences the nature of the illness.

References

Canada, J. M., Weiss, E., Evans, R. K., Van Tassell, B. W., Garten, R., & Abbate, A. (2018). Determinants of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Following Thoracic Radiotherapy. Circulation, 138(Suppl_1), A14282-A14282.

Imboden, M., Harber, M. P., Whaley, M. H., Finch, W. H., Bishop, D. A., & Kaminsky, L. A. (2018). The Association Between Long-Term Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Mortality Risk. Circulation, 138(Suppl_1), A16590-A16590.

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FAQs

Prevention and control of cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. CVD is a leading cause of death globally, but there are steps that individuals can take to prevent and control the disease. Here are some strategies for prevention and control of CVD:

1. Eat a healthy diet: Eating a diet that is low in saturated and trans fats, salt, and added sugars, and high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats can help reduce the risk of CVD.
2. Get regular exercise: Regular physical activity can help lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and reduce the risk of CVD. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise per week.
3. Maintain a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of CVD, so maintaining a healthy weight is important. This can be achieved through a combination of healthy eating and regular physical activity.
4. Don’t smoke: Smoking is a major risk factor for CVD, so quitting smoking is important for prevention and control of the disease.
5. Manage stress: Chronic stress can contribute to the development of CVD, so finding ways to manage stress, such as through meditation, yoga, or other relaxation techniques, can be helpful.
6. Monitor and manage health conditions: High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes are all risk factors for CVD. If you have these conditions, it’s important to work with your healthcare provider to manage them effectively.
7. Limit alcohol intake: Drinking too much alcohol can increase blood pressure and contribute to the development of CVD. Limiting alcohol intake can help reduce the risk.

By implementing these strategies, individuals can reduce their risk of developing CVD and improve their overall cardiovascular health.

Why is physical activity so important in preventing heart disease?

Physical activity is important in preventing heart disease for several reasons:

1. Reduces Risk Factors: Regular physical activity helps to lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, reduce inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity. These factors are all linked to an increased risk of heart disease, so reducing them through physical activity can help prevent the development of heart disease.
2. Improves Cardiovascular Function: Physical activity helps to strengthen the heart muscle, improve blood flow, and increase the heart’s ability to pump blood efficiently. This can help reduce the workload on the heart and lower the risk of heart disease.
3. Helps Manage Weight: Physical activity helps to burn calories and maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight or obese is a risk factor for heart disease, so maintaining a healthy weight through physical activity can help reduce the risk.
4. Reduces Stress: Regular physical activity can help reduce stress, which is a risk factor for heart disease. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins, which are natural mood-boosters that can help reduce stress and improve mental health.
5. Improves Overall Health: Regular physical activity has many other health benefits, such as reducing the risk of diabetes, certain types of cancer, and osteoporosis. By improving overall health, physical activity can help reduce the risk of many chronic diseases, including heart disease.

How to prevent heart attack from happening

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked, typically by a buildup of plaque in the arteries. While some risk factors for heart attack, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their risk and prevent a heart attack from happening. Here are some strategies for preventing a heart attack:

1. Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle: Eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking are all important lifestylcauses of heart diseasee factors that can help reduce the risk of a heart attack.
2. Manage Health Conditions: High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes are all risk factors for a heart attack. It’s important to work with a healthcare provider to manage these conditions effectively through medication, lifestyle changes, or a combination of both.
3. Know Your Risk: Understanding your personal risk factors for a heart attack can help you make informed decisions about your health. Factors that increase the risk of a heart attack include age, family history, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle.
4. Manage Stress: Chronic stress can increase the risk of a heart attack, so finding ways to manage stress, such as through meditation, yoga, or other relaxation techniques, can be helpful.
5. Take Medications as Prescribed: If you have been prescribed medications to manage a health condition, it’s important to take them as prescribed to reduce the risk of a heart attack.
6. Get Regular Check-Ups: Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help detect and manage risk factors for a heart attack, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol, before they become more serious.